In ultrasonic welding, high frequency vibrations are combined with pressure to join two materials together quickly and securely. Ultrasonic welding can join dissimilar metals in a split second, ultrasonic welding eases problematic assembly and this cost effective technique may be key to mass producing fuel efficient. In this work effect of various parameters on weld strength have been studied. ...

Girth weld cracking is one of the main failure modes in oil and gas pipelines; girth weld cracking inspection has great economic and social significance for the intrinsic safety of pipelines. This paper introduces the typical girth weld defects of oil and gas pipelines and the common nondestructive testing methods, and systematically generalizes the progress in the studies on technical principl...

Ultrasonic measurements have been performed for comprehensive microstructural characterisation in 9 % Cr ferritic steels. The variation in grain size, the effect of solution annealing temperature on microstructure developed, the variation in microstructure of the weld joints, the effect of post weld heat treatment and precipitation behaviour during thermal ageing and creep testing have been suc...

The anisotropic, heterogeneous and coarse granular structures of austenitic stainless steel welds lead to important disturbances of the ultrasonic propagation: beam skewing and splitting, attenuation, backscattering and spurious echoes. These disturbances have been studied by EDF R&D for a few years in order to improve the ultrasonic NDT in nuclear applications. In particular, a methodology for...

Ultrasonic metal welding has been used widely to join battery cell terminals, or tabs (either Al or Cu), with bus bars (Cu) to form assembled battery packs in battery electric vehicles. However, the mechanism of ultrasonic welding for Al/Cu is still not well understood. In this work, the microstructures of the ultrasonic welds between three layers of lithium-ion battery tabs (either Al or Cu) a...

The anisotropic, heterogeneous and coarse granular structures of austenitic stainless steel welds may lead to important disturbances of the ultrasonic propagation : beam skewing and splitting, attenuation, backscattering and spurious echoes. Numerous studies were undertaken by EDF R&D and CEA for a few years to study these disturbances and to improve the ultrasonic NDT in nuclear applications. ...

Weld overlay of piping was first used as a method to repair components of simple configurations which were known to contain cracking. An adequate ultrasonic examination of these geometries can be achieved by using a few conventional search units. Currently the application of pre-emptive weld overlays as a mitigation technique and/or to improve the examination surface condition for more complex ...

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an innovative process that has been successfully used in joining aluminum alloys, normally difficult to weld. Important advantages over fusion welding are better retention of baseline material properties, lower residual stresses and excellent mechanical properties. Defects that occur in FSW joints are due to improper tooling or setup. Non-destructive techniques us...

Laser-based ultrasonic (LBU) measurement shows great promise for on-line monitoring of weld quality in tailor-welded blanks. Tailor-welded blanks are steel blanks made from plates of differing thickness and/or properties butt-welded together; they are used in automobile manufacturing to produce body, frame, and closure panels. LBU uses a pulsed laser to generate the ultrasound and a continuous ...

Characterization of flaws of weld bead is imperative for high-quality welding. Methods of weld bead inspection include radiographic, ultrasonic and vision inspection. However, such methods are costly and time consuming. The proposed sensor is light, low-cost and fast. This paper summarizes our work on weld bead monitoring and defect detection using an electromagnetic sensor. Measurements are ac...