introduction: ultraviolet (uv) radiation affects human organs such as skin, eyes and immune system, as well as animals and plants. the main natural source of uv radiation is the sun. to study the effects of solar uv radiation there is a need to quantify variations of solar energy received on the earth surface at different intervals. materials and methods: to measure uv radiation a broadband fib...

Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can reduce the photosynthesis and growth of benthic diatom communities in shallow freshwater. Nevertheless, greater amounts of algae accumulate in UVR-exposed habitats than in UVR-protected environments. Near-ultraviolet (UVA wavelengths of 320 to 400 nanometers) and mid-ultraviolet (UVB, wavelengths of 280 to 320 nanometers) radiation also inhibit algal consum...

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) promotes skin cancer development by mutagenic, immunosuppressive, and oxidative-stress-inducing mechanisms; however, certain antioxidants may counteract and prevent UVR-induced photodamage. Lutein is a xanthophyll carotenoid with potent antioxidant activity. Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to have a role in UVR-induced skin damage, we investigated ...

  Background : Farmers and welders who work in open spaces and are exposed to direct sunlight are often exposed to sunlight radiation o n the neck and head . Thus, they may be afflicted with various types of skin cancer . The aim of the present study was to investigate the amount of UV exposure in welders working in Shahrud City , Iran .   Materials and Method s : This cross-sectio...

Many workers perform their daily activities outdoors undertaking different postures and many anatomical body sites are UVR exposed. This paper aims to compare the anatomical distribution of the solar erythemal UVR to the higher half of the body for farm workers during their usual working activity in agriculture. This research was carried out in the experimental farm“Azienda Agraria Didattico-Sp...

background : farmers and welders who work in open spaces and are exposed to direct sunlight are often exposed to sunlight radiation o n the neck and head . thus, they may be afflicted with various types of skin cancer . the aim of the present study was to investigate the amount of uv exposure in welders working in shahrud city , iran .   materials and method s : this cross-sectional , descripti...

[1] Satellite remote sensing of both surface solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and chlorophyll over two decades shows that biologically significant ultraviolet radiation increases began to occur over the Southern Ocean three years before the ozone ‘‘hole’’ was discovered. Beginning in October 1983, the most frequent occurrences of enhanced UVR over phytoplankton-rich waters occurred in the Wedd...

We experimentally tested the hypothesis that accumulations of dietary compounds such as carotenoids or UVabsorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) protect against natural levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). A calanoid copepod, Leptodiaptomus minutus, was collected from a relatively UV-transparent lake in Pennsylvania where levels of copepod MAAs and carotenoids vary during the year (MAAs...

BACKGROUND Many coral reef organisms are photosynthetic or have evolved in tight symbiosis with photosynthetic symbionts. As such, the tissues of reef organisms are often exposed to intense solar radiation in clear tropical waters and have adapted to trap and harness photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). High levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) associated with sunlight, however, represen...

Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 unable to excise pyrimidine dimers from their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) because of a uvr mutation show a higher survival when plated on a minimal salts medium after exposure to ultraviolet radiation than when plated on a complex medium such as nutrient agar containing yeast extract. This response has been called minimal medium recovery (MMR). Recovery of uvr m...