Cement stabilization has been widely used for improving the strength and stiffness of soft clayey soils. Cement treated soil specimens used to investigate the stress-strain behaviour in the laboratory study are usually cured for 7 days. This paper examines the effects of curing time on the strength and stress strain behaviour of cement treated marine clay under triaxial loading condition. Labor...

Hydrogels pose unique challenges to nanoindentation including sample preparation, control of experimental parameters, and limitations imposed by mechanical testing instruments and data analysis originally intended for harder materials. The artifacts that occur during nanoindentation of hydrated samples have been described, but the material properties obtained from hydrated nanoindentation have ...

A biphasic mixture model is developed that can account for the observed tension-compression nonlinearity of cartilage by employing the continuum-based Conewise Linear Elasticity (CLE) model of Curnier et al. (J. Elasticity, 37, 1-38, 1995) to describe the solid phase of the mixture. In this first investigation, the orthotropic octantwise linear elasticity model was reduced to the more specializ...

INTRODUCTION Experimentally, the stresses of articular cartilage have been found to depend on the loading rate [1,2]. Theoretically, the short-term transient behavior of cartilage in unconfined compression has been explored at strain rates of 0.01, 0.1 and 1%/s using a poroviscoelastic model [3]. In the present work, the transient stress-strain relationship, the dependence of stiffness on tissu...

We report here on a non-linear poroelastic model for the mechanical response of collagenous soft tissues such as articular cartilage. The tissue consists of a porous, fibril-reinforced, hyperelastic solid, saturated with an incompressible fluid, and Darcy's law governs solid-fluid interaction. The solid matrix is characterized by the isotropic hyperfoam strain energy function and its permeabili...

A time- and depth-dependent Poisson's ratio has been observed during unconfined compression experiments on articular cartilage, but existing cartilage models have not fully addressed these phenomena. The goal of this study was to develop a model which is able to predict and explain these phenomena, while also being able to fit other experimental scenarios on full depth cartilage specimens such ...

The biphasic poroviscoelastic (BPVE) model was curve fit to the simultaneous relaxation of reaction force and lateral displacement exhibited by articular cartilage in unconfined compression (n=18). Model predictions were also made for the relaxation observed in reaction force during indentation with a porous plane-ended metal indenter (n=4), indentation with a nonporous plane ended metal indent...

OBJECTIVE To develop a biomechanical model for cartilage which is capable of capturing experimentally observed nonlinear behaviours of cartilage and to investigate effects of collagen fibril reinforcement in cartilage. DESIGN A sequence of 10 or 20 steps of ramp compression/relaxation applied to cartilage disks in uniaxial unconfined geometry is simulated for comparison with experimental data...