We report here the complete genome sequence and biological characterization of a virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain, NDV/duck/Jiangsu/JSD0812/2008, isolated from laying ducks in Jiangsu Province, China. The genome is 15,192 nucleotides in length and is classified in subgenotype VIId of genotype VII, class II.

Fifty-six Newcastle disease virus strains collected from 2000 to 2006 could be grouped into subgenotype VIId. However, they displayed cumulative mutations in and around the linear epitope of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (residues 345 to 353) with time. The antigenicities of the variants that became predominant in Korea differ from each other and from the wild type.

Avian paramyxoviruses type 1 or Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) are frequently recovered from wild birds and such isolates are most frequently of low virulence. Velogenic NDV are usually recovered from poultry and only occasionally from wild birds. Five NDV isolates were obtained from carcasses of four wild bird species during 2007 in Serbia: Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Eurasian Sparrowhawk (...

Phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has led to its classification into eight genotypes, A to H. The dominant genotype in South Africa is genotype A, which consists of two subgenotypes, A1 and A2. Subgenotype A1 (previously subgroup A') predominates over subgenotype A2 (previously subgroup A minus A'). The complete genome of HBV isolated from 18 asymptomatic carriers of the virus an...

In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of a novel Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain, Sheldrake duck/China/Guizhou/SS1/2014, isolated from Sansui Sheldrake duck flocks in Guizhou Province, southwestern China. The genome of this isolate is 15,192 nucleotides in length, which belongs to NDV genotype VIId in class II. This discovery will help us further study the epidemiology char...

AIM To investigate the role of subgenotype specific RNA secondary structure in the compartment specific selection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) immune escape mutations. METHODS This study was based on the analysis of the specific observation of HBV subgenotype A1 in the serum/plasma, while subgenotype A2 with G145R mutation in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Genetic variability found amo...

A novel synthesis of 2-hydroxy-N'-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) benzohydrazide derivatives was synthesized by the condensation of 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide with substituted isatins. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, and mass spectral data. Further, the compounds were screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema method. The tested compo...

We aimed to identify genomic markers in hepatitis B virus (HBV) that are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development by comparing the complete genomic sequences of HBVs among patients with HCC and those without. One hundred patients with HBV-related HCC and 100 age-matched HBV-infected non-HCC patients (controls) were studied. HBV DNA from serum was directly sequenced to study th...