This paper proposes a three-layer vector neural network (VNN) with a supervised learning algorithm suitable for signal classification in general, and for emitter identification (EID) in particular. The VNN can accept interval-value input data as well as scalar input data. The input features of the EID problems include the radio frequency, pulse width, and pulse repetition interval of a received...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether observed time-until-death of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) juveniles in separate challenge tests with Vibrio anguillarum (causes vibriosis) and nodavirus [causes viral nervous necrosis (VNN)] are due to differences in susceptibility (whether at risk or not) or increased endurance (individual hazard, given that the animal is susceptible) using a ...

The accurate traffic flow time series prediction is the prerequisite for achieving traffic flow inducible system. Aiming at the issue about multi-step prediction traffic flow chaotic time series, the traffic flow Volterra Neural Network (VNN) rapid learning algorithm is proposed. Combing with the chaos theory and the Volterra functional analysis, method of the truncation order and the truncatio...

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN), also known as viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), is an emerging disease affecting larvae and juveniles of many farmed marine fish species in Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. Mass mortality occurred in 14-day old larval sea bass Lates calcarifer at a hatchery in the Philippines associated with clinical signs such as abnormal swimming behavior and ...

Indonesia become a maritime country with large of ocean area and beach line marine species diversity reaches 37% the world’s fish. This makes have aquaculture potential that supported by an appropriate climate. However, challenge viral diseases caused Infectious Spleen Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) Viral Nervous (VNN) would hamper causing huge economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to carr...

Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), a nodavirus, is the causative agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in larval striped jack fish. In the present study, the SJNNV coat protein gene was sequenced and compared with that of four known insect nodaviruses and with four other fish nodaviruses causing VNN. The SJNNV coat protein gene was 1410 bases in length and contained a single ORF of 10...

Mass mortalities of sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus reared in Oita Prefecture were investigated. The outbreaks of the disease occurred in summer seasons (July to October; water temperature 25-28°C) of 1993 and 1994. Affected fish ranging 170 to l,85Og in body weight were characterized by upside down swimming and inflation of swimbladder. Histopathologically, necrosis and vacuolati...

The mass mortality of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) within 2-3 days was reported by 3 private farms in Bukit Tambun, Pulau Pinang, in February and March 2007. Only cobia with body weights of 3-4 kg were affected. Most diseased cobia swam on the surface and displayed flashing behaviour. All samples were positive for viral nervous necrosis (VNN) with low to medium levels of infection. Infestations...

We show that realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials VNN can be reduced, in a physically equivalent way, to an effective low-momentum potential Veff whose momentum-space matrix elements Veff (k , k) are non-vanishing only within a cut-off momentum kcut. Our effective potential is obtained using the folded-diagram method of Kuo, Lee and Ratcliff, and this effective potential is shown to preser...

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons migrate from the olfactory placode to the forebrain in association with vomeronasal nerves (VNN) that express the polysialic acid-rich form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM). Two approaches were used to investigate the role of PSA-NCAM: injection of mouse embryos with endoneuraminidase N, followed by the analysis of LHRH cell po...