in this study, we have theoretically investigated the effect of electron stopper layer on internal temperature distribution of high performance vertical cavity surface-emitting laser emitting at 1305 nm.  simulation software pics3d, which self-consistently combines the 3d simulation of carrier transport, self-heating, gain computation and wave-guiding, was used. simulation results show that cha...

Laser operation of a GaN vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is demonstrated under optical pumping with a nanoporous distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). High reflectivity, approaching 100%, is obtained due to the high index-contrast of the nanoporous DBR. The VCSEL system exhibits low threshold power density due to the formation of high Q-factor cavity, which shows the potential of na...

We study experimentally an electrically pumped GaAs-based bandgap structure based on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). We demonstrate that a microcavity embedded into this bandgap VCSEL structure supports localized optical modes without any holding beam. We propose a model of surface-structured VCSELs based on a reduced dissipative wave equation for describing electromagnetic mo...

A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser ~VCSEL! having a two-dimensional ~2-D! photonic crystal structure on its surface has been investigated for single-lateral-mode operation. We evaluated the effective index change of a VCSEL cavity introduced by a 2-D pattern. Our experimental results showed good agreement with a theoretical model in which the influence of a finite etching depth was taken ...

Orthogonal polarizations within vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers ~VCSEL! lase at slightly different wavelengths. We describe the use of optical feedback to confine polarization variations to reproducible injection currents. An external cavity is used to select specific wavelengths that reflect back into the VCSEL, hence, changing the cavity Q for the different polarization states. With t...

We present a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) where a GaAs-based “half-VCSEL” is attached to a dielectric distributed Bragg reflector on silicon using ultra-thin divinylsiloxane-bis-benzocyclobutene (DVS-BCB) adhesive bonding, creating a hybrid cavity where the optical field extends over both the GaAsand the Si-based parts of the cavity. A VCSEL with an oxide aperture diameter of ...

We report on fabrication and characterization of densely packed top-emitting 16× 16 elements wire-bonded matrix-addressable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays, which may find future applications such as non-mechanical particle movement with optical multi-tweezers, confocal microscopy or free-space communications with beam steering capability. The factors that control packing ...

In this paper, the characteristics of longwavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) lasing at 1550 nm have been studied based on the influence of the oxide aperture radius. Using the oxide confined VCSEL model, we examine the static operations taking into account the carrier-noise, photon-noise and phase-noise including feedback of the external cavity. From the simulation, sever...

Unlike a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), which comprises two highly reflecting distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), the extended cavity in VECSELs employs a third mirror. The fabrication of such a device requires a long process chain, including the patterning of the VCSEL structures, definition of the extended optical resonator, mirror coating and die bonding. While VCSELs have ...

We report experimental evidence of spontaneous formation of localized structures in a 80 μm diameter Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) biased above the lasing threshold and under optical injection. Such localized structures are bistable with the injected beam power and the VCSEL current. We experimentally investigate the formation of localized structures for different detunings bet...