......................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgments......................................................................................................... ii Table of contents .......................................................................................................... iii List of tables ........

Precipitation of phosphate minerals from liquid swine manure is an established means of reducing the orthophosphate (OP) concentration. This project investigated the usefulness of a chemical equilibrium model, Visual Minteq, for prescribing the amendments needed to maximize struvite precipitation from liquid swine manure and thus reduce the OP phosphorus concentration. The actual concentrations...

Predicting trace-metal solid-phase speciation changes associated with long-term biosolids land application is important for understanding and improving environmental quality. Biosolids were surface-applied (no incorporation; 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 21, and 30 Mg ha) to a semiarid grassland in 1991 (single application) and 2002 (repeated application). In July 2003, soils were obtained from the 0- to 8-, ...

Arsenic is a toxic and carcinogenic contaminant of potential concern. Ettringite [Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O] has the ability to incorporate oxyanions as a solid solution with SO42-, which could lower the soluble oxyanion concentrations. Therefore, ettringite containing SO42- and AsO43- has been synthesized. Results indicated that AsO43- could substitute for SO42- inside the channels of ettringit...

Selected heavy metals (HMs) including Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn initially released from a full-scale bioreactor landfill were monitored over the first 20 months of operation. At the initial landfill stage, the leachate exhibited high HMs release, high organic matter content (27000-43000gl(-1) of TOC) and low pH (5-6). By the fifth month of landfilling, the methanogenic stage had been establishe...

Midwestern US agroecosystems suffer greatly due to excess phosphorus (P) in runoff from land-applied manure. Precipitating P as struvite would remove it the manure stream, allowing efficient storage, transportation, and use slow-release fertilizer. To achieve precipitation, organic solids calcium (Ca) must first be removed This study assessed precipitation dairy using a novel processing pipelin...

The entrance of Cd (II) to aqueous environments causes a major problem to human health. The current article examines the efficiency of TiO2 and γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles in Cd (II) removal from aqueous medium as influenced by different chemical factors, such as pH, initial concentration, background electrolyte, and ionic strength, in accordance with standard experimental methods. It conducts Batch ...

The entrance of Cd (II) to aqueous environments causes a major problem to human health. The current article examines the efficiency of TiO2 and γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles in Cd (II) removal from aqueous medium as influenced by different chemical factors, such as pH, initial concentration, background electrolyte, and ionic strength, in accordance with standard experimental methods. It conducts Batch ...

The bioaccessibility of metal(loid)s in ambient particulate matter (PM) has been recently used to represent the risk inhalation exposure. Nevertheless, different methodological factors affect values; among these, type and composition surrogate biological fluids liquid solid ratio have revealed be most important. To better understand how these aspects bioaccessibility, a reference material corre...