A new model for bubbly, cavitating flow is validated and used to study the shock-induced oscillations of bubble clouds arising in shockwave lithotripsy and other applications. Compared to previous models based on volume and phase averaging, the new model extends the range of void fractions that can be reliably simulated and, for appropriately low void fractions, reproduces the results of the po...

Two distinct mechanisms of crack initiation and advance by void growth have been identified in the literature on the mechanics of ductile fracture. One is the interaction a single void with the crack tip characterizing initiation and the subsequent void by void advance of the tip. This mechanism is represented by the early model of Rice and Johnson and the subsequent more detailed numerical com...

The pressure variations associated with a filling undulating pipeline containing an entrapped air pocket are investigated both experimentally and numerically. The influence of entrapped air on abnormal transient pressures is often ambiguous because the compressibility of the air pocket permits the liquid flow to accelerate but also partly cushions the system, with the balance of these tendencie...

The newly developed “void expansion method” allows for an efficient generation of porous packings of spherical particles over a wide range of volume fractions using the discrete element method. Particles are randomly placed under addition of much smaller “void-particles”. Then, the void-particle radius is increased repeatedly, thereby rearranging the structural particles until formation of a de...

Immunosuppressive molecules in uterine fluid from the nonpregnant uterine horn of unilaterally pregnant ewes at Days 60, 100, and 140 of gestation were examined. Uterine fluid from all days inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation into phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes. Inhibitory activity increased with advancing gestation. Uterine fluid also inhibited lymphocyte proliferation caused by o...

The effects of tight junction structure on water and solute fluxes across proximal tubular epithelium were examined with fiber-matrix equations previously derived by Curry and Michel (1980. Microvascular Research. 20:96-99). Using plausible estimates of tight junction fiber length and width the model predicts solute (Ps) and water permeability (Lp) coefficients that agree with the measured valu...

High-molecular-weight proteins having M protein reactivity were isolated without acid or alkaline digestion. Treatment of a heat-killed group A Streptococcus with sonic vibration released antigens which reacted strongly and specifically with absorbed type-specific antiserum. This antigen preparation was released without diminishing the total yield of acid-extractable M protein of the original h...

The current multi-layer insulation used in the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) will not be effective in the atmosphere of Mars due to the presence of interstitial gases. Alternative thermal insulation means have been subjected to preliminary evaluation by NASA to attempt to identify a material that will meet the target conductivity of 0.005 W/m-K. This study analyzes numerically the thermal ...

L.K. Grunenfelder and S.R. Nutt 1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0241, USA *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Void formation as a function of resin moisture content was investigated to better understand and control process defects in composite parts made from prepreg. In this study, uncured prepr...