Assigning gate supply voltage and transistor threshold voltages to a range of discrete values is a combinatorial problem. The optimization computational difficulty grows exponentially with the netlist size. Whereas, if the range of values is continuous, we show that the global optimum can be found in polynomial time. We show that posynomials can model variable supply and threshold voltages, wit...

This paper presents a design of an UWB downconversion integrated CMOS resistive ring mixer with Linear Voltage Regulator (LVR), to supply required biasing voltages for the mixer section. The designed mixer circuit has been optimized for using in heart rate extraction system with microwave Doppler radar at 2.4GHz frequency. This mixer needs 2 DC bias voltages equal to 0.5 and 1 volts for its bes...

this paper presents a design of an uwb downconversion integrated cmos resistive ring mixer with linear voltage regulator (lvr), to supply required biasing voltages for the mixer section. the designed mixer circuit has been optimized for using in heart rate extraction system with microwave doppler radar at 2.4ghz frequency. this mixer needs 2 dc bias voltages equal to 0.5 and 1 volts for its bes...

magnetorheological (mr) dampers have the advantage of being tuned by low voltages. this has attracted many researchers to develop semi-active control of structures in theory and practice. most of the control strategies first obtain the desired forces of dampers without taking their dynamics into consideration and then determine the input voltages according to those forces. as a result, these st...

a 15 New York Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New 16 York, 140th and Convent Ave. T-250, New York, NY 10031, USA b 17 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., 3-250, Cambridge, MA 02139, 18 USA c 19 Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridg...

The classical theory of electrokinetic phenomena assumes a dilute solution of point-like ions in chemical equilibrium with a surface whose doublelayer voltage is of order the thermal voltage, kBT/e = 25 mV. In nonlinear ‘induced-charge’ electrokinetic phenomena, such as ac electro-osmosis, several volts ≈100kBT/e are applied to the double layer, and the theory breaks down and cannot explain man...