the widely shocking attacks on the world trade center and the pentagon on september 11 was interpreted differently by various institutions worldwide, ranging from america's legitimate motive to begin a 'war on terror' to defend her 'very freedom', to a pretext for bush administration to pursue g. h. w. bush's temptation for 'a new world order'. various institutions, therefore, made use of their...

This paper focuses on how leaders in Japan, Russia, and Western countries talk about the “war on terrorism.” The paper discusses the difficulties of defining “terrorism,” because, unlike Marxism or capitalism, “terrorism” is not an ideology. Instead the term may be used to designate actions that are used by members of non-governmental organizations against civilian targets. In the case of the “...

What is the relationship between civil war and terrorism? Recent attempts to unpack the similarities between these types of political violence have either focused on creating actor-based categories (terrorists vs. insurgents) and elucidating the different reasons for being one or the other or comparing and contrasting each to discern whether they have similar etiologies. In contrast to previous...

The war on terrorism will have lasted seven years by September 2008, making it much longer than the American Civil War or World War II. Current American national security and military strategy documents, in fact, frame this war as a protracted struggle, one which may see persistent conflict lasting several decades. Despite the duration of this war, the US government has not yet exhibited a grea...

Disasters, war, and terrorism expose millions of children globally to mass trauma with increasing frequency and severity. The clinical impact of such exposure is influenced by a child's social ecology, which is understood in a risk and resilience framework. Research findings informed by developmental systems theory and the related core principles of contemporary developmental psychopathology ar...

six year after the terrorist attacks on the world trade center and pentagon on september 11, 2001 and the onset of us- led war in iraq and afghanistan in line with the bush's policy of regime-change aimed at establishing pro-western governments in baghdad and kabul, we are still witnessing widespread instability and reign of terror in the region. hasty executive branch anti-terrorism polic...

This study analyses the relationship between war and population. The impact of the growth and decline of population on important types of warfare--great power, small power, civil war as well as terrorism--is illustrated, with the objective in each case to be descriptive of risk. I find that population change has a significant impact on each, with the greatest causal impact on small power confli...

This essay contends that allies are vital for counterterrorism, but what we ask of them and their institutional form is quite different from what was asked of traditional alliance partners during the Cold War and its immediate aftermath. Despite these differences, some of the alliance dilemmas that plagued the United States in the past are likely to remain, though they will have different manif...

The opinions and conclusions expressed in this written testimony are the author's alone and should not be interpreted as representing those of RAND or any of the sponsors of its research.

Throughout its existence as a state, Israel has had to cope with intense terrorism in three arenas: within its territory, across the borders, and abroad. This problem has been a major political and psychological factor in Israel’s reality and the need to cope with it has forced the public and governments to deal with hard dilemmas. This article examines Israel’s conduct in the struggle against ...