Abstract Terrorism, crime, and war are all familiar notions; however, the way in which these have been altered through cyberspace is not yet fully, nor unanimously, understood definitions, theories, approaches. Although threat level of terrorism UK has lowered to moderate, posed by cyber nonetheless heightened throughout COVID pandemic due greater necessity presence technology our lives. This r...

. . . despite all the talk and activity in this ®eld since the early 1990's, the basic argument and message of con ̄ict prevention still has not `stuck' in many critical policy quarters and levels of decision making. The quantity of policy doctrine, designated of®cials and of®ces, routinised decision procedures, public hearings, policy papers, political debates, appropriations, non-governmental ...

Pastoral crisis intervention may be thought of as the functional integration of crisis intervention and pastoral support. In effect, the practice of pastoral crisis intervention largely represents the use of faith-based interventions refined and augmented through the use of an emergency mental health delivery context. The value of pastoral crisis intervention seems apparent in situations involv...

the criminal justice and observance of human rights principles have important roles in efficiency of bodies involved in combating against terrorism. as some states like u.k. have violated several international provisions such as international civil and political covenant and the european convention of human rights, this article tries to verify anti-terrorism crime and security act (atcsa) and i...