We used the isolated N- and C-domains of the angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (N-ACE and C-ACE; ACE; kininase II) to investigate the hydrolysis of the active 1-7 derivative of angiotensin (Ang) II and inhibition by 5-S-5-benzamido-4-oxo-6-phenylhexanoyl-L-proline (keto-ACE). Ang-(1-7) is both a substrate and an inhibitor; it is cleaved by N-ACE at approximately one half the rate of bradykinin bu...

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy with the effect of the ACE D/I polymorphism on heart failure survival. BACKGROUND The ACE deletion allele, ACE-D, is associated with increased ACE activity. The utilization of ACE genotyping to predict the impact of ACE inhibitor dose has not been previously evaluated. METHODS We prospectively s...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD): ACE1 variations influence plasma ACE and risk of AD, and ACE is increased in AD brain. We measured frontal ACE level and activity in 89 AD and 51 control brains, and post-mortem CSF from 101 cases and 19 controls. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level and Braak stage were used to indicate neuronal preservation an...

Cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with elevated brain levels of amyloid β protein (Aβ), particularly neurotoxic Aβ(1-42). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) can degrade Aβ(1-42), and ACE overexpression in myelomonocytic cells enhances their immune function. To examine the effect of targeted ACE overexpression on AD, we crossed ACE(10/10) mice, which over...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a type I integral membrane protein that plays a major role in vasoactive peptide metabolism, is shed from the plasma membrane by proteolytic cleavage within the juxtamembrane stalk. To investigate whether this shedding is regulated by lateral segregation in cholesterol-rich lipid rafts, Chinese hamster ovary cells and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were t...

BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) metabolizes many small peptides and plays a key role in blood pressure regulation. Elevated serum ACE is claimed to be associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Previously, two families with dramatically increased serum ACE were described, but no systematic survey of affected individuals was performed, and the molecular backgrou...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) regulates normal blood pressure and fluid homeostasis through its action in the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS). Ace-/- mice are smaller in size, have low blood pressure and defective kidney structure and functions. All of these defects are cured by transgenic expression of somatic ACE (sACE) in vascular endothelial cells of Ace-/- mice. sACE is expressed on t...

Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in serum and tissues of rats was studied after administration of lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor. Tissue ACE was assessed by quantitative in vitro autoradiography using the ACE inhibitor [125I]351A, as a ligand, and serum ACE was measured by a fluorimetric method. Following oral administration of lisinopril (10 mg/kg), serum ACE activity was acutel...

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure, volume homeostasis, vascular function, and cell growth. In what is considered the classic RAS, renin is released from juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney into the circulation where it converts angiotensinogen from the liver to angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is subsequently hydrolyzed by a peptidyl dipepti...

Like humans, savannah baboons (Papio sp.) show heritable interindividual variation in complex physiological phenotypes. One prominent example of such variation involves production of the homeostatic regulator protein angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which shows heritable variation in both baboons and humans. In humans, this phenotypic variation is associated with an Alu insertion-deletion p...