Ineffective goal striving may be overcome using a simple self-regulation strategy: preparing goal striving in advance by forming implementation intentions (i.e., making if-then plans). This strategy helps to cope with the classic challenges to goal striving: getting started, staying on track, not overextending oneself, and disengaging from faulty means. Interestingly, these beneficial effects a...

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) provides an objective assessment of the reading comprehension attainment of Grade Four primary school students in countries worldwide. Organized by The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) in the USA, PIRLS assesses primary school students’ reading attainment, reading behaviour and attitudes to...

and a contra rotating propeller behind it mounted on a pulling mechanical thruster. The machinery has been confi gured to keep the initial cost low by avoiding expensive electric pods and drives, and by going to a simple mechanical drive of the forward propeller using a large bore main engine. A novel machinery and cargo ramp arrangement has been developed to facilitate also very large main eng...

Syväoja, Heidi Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in association with academic performance and cognitive functions in school-aged children LIKES – Research Reports on Sport and Health 292 Jyväskylä: LIKES – Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, 2014. In addition to physical health benefits, physical activity may enhance children’s cognitive and academic performance. Excessive se...