Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) have received great attention for deep water energy harvesting. So far, research has been focused on a single floating rotor. However, final deployment of FOWT farms, interactions multiple FOWTs and potential impacts the motion power performance wake rotors need to be investigated. In this study, we employ CFD coupled with an Actuator Disc model analyze t...

background & importance: disc herniation is defined as the prolapsed of material disc into the spinal canal. if the disc fragment is free in spinal canal, it is called sequestration disc fragment. occasionally, alteration in sequestration disc fragment makes the diagnosis of the disc herniation, challenging. case presentation: we reviewed a rare case of the cervical sequestrated disc herniation...

The inflow an individual wind turbine experiences in a farm layout is strongly dependent on flow interaction effects with the turbines surrounding it. In addition to well-known wake flows, lateral and upstream effects, commonly described as blockage have also recently gained some attention. this work, measurements induction zone of neighboring are presented for different arrangements three seve...

even though intervertebral disc degeneration can be found in the natural course of alkaptonuria, detection of the disease by black disc color change in a patient without any other presentation of alkaptonuria is an exceptionally rare condition. we have reported a very rare case of alkaptonuria presented with low back pain and steppage gait in a 51-year-old male with a complaint of chronic low-b...

Recent developments in tidal energy converter technology and turbine array projects require fast and robust simulation tools. An important challenge is now estimating the power production for a array of machines as well as optimizing the placement within a grid. The most common method to do so is the coupling of momentum sources with a flow simulation. This method, called the actuator disc mode...

in this paper the design of a biped robot actuated with shape memory alloy (sma) springs with minimum degrees of freedom is presented. sma springs are a class of smart materials that are known for their high power to mass and volume ratios. it was shown that utilizing spring type of smas have many advantages as large deformation, smooth motion, silent and clean movement compared to ordinary typ...

Stack-type piezoelectric actuators, which usually consist of several ceramic layers connected in series, are widely used in piezoelectric direct-drive servo valves (PDDSV). However, poor pulling force capacity of this kind of actuators affects the performances of the direct-drive servo valves. This article presents a new type of PDDSV, whose spool-driving mechanism is composed of a set of indep...

In hard disk drive manufacturing, the tolerance ring is commonly used for coupling a bearing cartridge to an arm actuator. Further, the tolerance ring can prevent slippage between the arm actuator and bearing assembly during operation of disk drive or during shock events. The metal scratch occurred in the tolerance ring installation process cause a number of particles. The main purpose of this ...