Abstract With the electrification of powertrains and progressive implementation assisted automated driving functions, vehicle wiring harness is becoming increasingly important in automotive industry. The design gaining considerable variation more complex. In order to master this complexity manufacturing processes a reliable manner, new approaches are required for automation production. Additive...

Metazoan genes are embedded in a rich milieu of regulatory information that often includes multiple enhancers possessing overlapping activities. In this study, we employ quantitative live imaging methods to assess the function of pairs of primary and shadow enhancers in the regulation of key patterning genes-knirps, hunchback, and snail-in developing Drosophila embryos. The knirps enhancers exh...

abstract various mathematical water uptake models have been introduced for plants response to combined drought and salinity stress. the reduction functions are classified as additive, multiplicative and conceptual models. in this study six different macroscopic reduction functions, namely; van genuchten (additive and multiplicative), dirksen et al., van dam et al, skaggs et al and homaee were e...

SECTION 1 introduces a method for constructing a measure by inner approximation, starting from a set function defined on a lattice of sets. SECTION 2 defines a “tightness” property, which ensures that a set function has an extension to a finitely additive measure on a field determined by the class of approximating sets. SECTION 3 defines a “sigma-smoothness” property, which ensures that a tight...

Multi-stage additive tests are commonly used in applications. Appropriate definition of its test decisions, however, turns out to be challenging. There are a number of existing methods for this purpose, mainly by combining p-values of individual tests using a conditional error probability function. While these methods are flexible enough to use in most applications, their results depend on the ...