The suitability and accuracy of using simple human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid (SR) tests in community-based clinics in northwest Tanzania were determined to assess eligibility for participation in clinical trials. The HIV rapid and ELISA test results for 789 women aged 16 to 54 who were screened for two clinical trials of HIV prevention were compared. Women were offered voluntary HIV co...

In this paper we present the application of our ATPGbased design rewiring approach to multi-level combinational logic circuit optimization. At every step of this optimization procedure, we introduce a design error by removing the logic that violates the optimization constraint(s) and then we attempt to correct the design by modifying the logic somewhere else. We give heuristics and describe the...

Fault equivalence is an essential concept in digital VLSI design with significance in many different areas such as diagnosis, diagnostic ATPG, testability analysis and synthesis. In this paper, an efficient procedure to compute exact fault equivalence classes of combinational circuits is described. The procedure consists of two steps. The first step performs structural fault collapsing and uses...

AIM OF STUDY Adiantum, one of the most widely distributed genera of the family Pteridaceae, is employed in folk medicine worldwide. Adiantum latifolium Lam. has been used in Latin American traditional medicine as anxiolytic, analgesic and antiinflammatory. The present study investigates the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory properties of the methanolic extract of Adiantum latifolium (MEA) in...

The structures of crystalline layers from six Bacteroides strains were studied by electron microscopy. Two different hexagonal crystalline surface layers were found, one with a unit cell spacing of 21.5 nm and another with a spacing of 7.7 nm. A three-dimensional structure of the 21.5-nm layer and a two-dimensional projection of the 7.7-nm layer were determined to 3.0- and 3.8-nm resolution, re...

Full-length cDNA of the gene checkpoint homolog 1 (Chk1) was cloned from Daphnia carinata and designated DcarChk1. DcarChk1 cDNA was 1817 bp in length and encoded a 497-amino acid polypeptide. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that DcarChk1 was most closely related to Chk1 of Daphnia pulex, followed by homologous genes of insects. Expression of DcarChk1 was higher in adult Daphnia than in larvae, ...

This work describes the phytochemical analysis and analgesic activity of a non polar fraction obtained from Adiantum cuneatum grown in Brazil. The results showed that the hexane fraction as well as two pure compounds, identified as filicene (1) and filicenal (2), given intraperitoneally, exhibited potent analgesic activity when evaluated in two models of pain in mice, writhing test and formalin...