BACKGROUND Levels of pentosidine (representative of advanced glycation end-products) in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are increased when compared with sera of other diagnoses or healthy controls. These levels have been reported to correlate with clinical indices of rheumatoid arthritis activity and with laboratory markers of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to find out i...

Glycation and fluorescence at 440 nm (excitation at 370 nm) were found to be increased in immunoglobulin G (IgG) from diabetics, strongly indicating the presence of IgG-linked advanced glycosylation end products. In contrast, levels of IgG-linked advanced glycosylation end products were low or undetectable in both normal and diabetic subjects when an advanced glycosylation end products specific...

Advanced glycation end products are formed by non-enzymatic reactions between proteins and carbohydrates, causing irreversible lysine and arginine alterations that severely affect protein structure and function. The resulting modifications induce inflammation by binding to scavenger receptors. An increase in advanced glycation end products is observed in a number of diseases e.g. atherosclerosi...

PURPOSE Corneal complications are often associated with diabetes mellitus and can be vision threatening. Corneas in diabetic patients are exposed to increased glucose concentration despite cornea's avascular property, and this condition may contribute to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The focus of this study was to examine the role of AGEs in the pathogenesis of dia...

Chronic hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetes results in the formation and accumulation advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs have a wide range of chemical, cellular, and tissue effects that contribute to the development of microvascular complications. In particular, AGEs appear to have a key role in the diabetic nephropathy. Their importance as downstream mediators of tissue in...

It is becoming abundantly clear that the insight into the pathological process of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) provided through autosomal dominant variants of the condition is only a partial one. The formation and aggregation of Aβ and the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau are clearly part of the core pathogenesis. However, although these may be necessary processes, and indeed in familial form...

Introduction High mobility group box 1 is a versatile protein involved in gene transcription, extracellular signaling, and response to inflammation. Extracellularly, high mobility group box 1 binds to several receptors, notably the receptor for advanced glycation end-products. Expression of high mobility group box 1 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products has been described in many...

Bohlender, Jürgen M., Sybille Franke, Günter Stein, and Gunter Wolf. Advanced glycation end products and the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289: F645–F659, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00398.2004.—Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of protein and lipids to which sugar residues are covalently bound. AGE formation is increased in situations with hyperglycemia (e.g....