Abstract This paper investigates the incentives of a credit rating agency (CRA) to generate accurate ratings under an advertisement-based business model. To this end, we study two-period endogenous reputation model in which CRA can increase precision its by exerting effort. The receives revenue not from fees, as is standard literature, but through online advertising. We show that provides suffi...

this research aimed to review the use of second-person reference in advertisement translation, work out the general rules, and provide guidance to translators. using second-person reference is common in the advertising discourse. addressing audiences directly involves their attention and in this way enhances their memorization of the advertised message. second-person reference can be realized v...

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We extend the classical dynamic advertising model of M. Nerlove and J. Arrow [11] adding a spatial dimension. We consider the general mixed problem of maximizing a utility function of product image at a fixed time and minimizing the corresponding cumulative cost of advertising. After an abstract treatment allowing for general utility and cost functions, as well as state and control constraints,...

Internet advertising revenue has surpassed broadcast revenue (including cable televisions) very recently due to the rapid growth of e-commerce and information technology. As online advertising has become a major source of revenue for online publishers, such as Google and Amazon, one problem facing them is to optimize the ads selection and allocation in order to maximize their revenue. Although ...

Television advertising is widely used by companies to promote their products among the public but it is hard for an advertiser to know if its advertisements are broadcast as they should. For this reason, some companies are specialized in the monitoring of audio/video streams for validating that ads are broadcast according to what was requested and paid for by the advertiser. The procedure for s...

Bitcoin, a decentralized cryptocurrency, has attracted a lot of attention from academia, financial service industry and enthusiasts. The trade-off between transaction confirmation throughput and centralization of hash power do not allow Bitcoin to perform at the same level as modern payment systems. Block Advertisement Protocol is proposed as a step to resolve this issue. The protocol allows bl...