BACKGROUND Various studies have demonstrated the benefits of continuous nebulization therapy for delivering aerosols of the beta2 agonists such as terbutaline sulfate or albuterol sulfate to patients with severe asthma and/or impending respiratory failure. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to explicate the operational factors associated with the use of nebulizers for extended ae...

Background: Various studies have demonstrated the benefits of continuous nebulization therapy for delivering aerosols of the b2 agonists such as terbutaline sulfate or albuterol sulfate to patients with severe asthma and/or impending respiratory failure. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to explicate the operational factors associated with the use of nebulizers for extended aeros...

A prototype high-frequency ultrasonic nebulizer, coupled with a nebu lization chamber, has been designed specifically to overcome the problem of inefficient and unpredictable radioaerosol delivery. The objective was to reduce mean particle size, increase aerosol concentration, and minimize dead space. Thirty-nine patients were studied, including 15 patients in sig nificant respiratory distress....

This review discusses the application of computational models to simulate the transport and deposition of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols from the site of particle or droplet formation to deposition within the respiratory tract. Traditional one-dimensional (1-D) whole-lung models are discussed briefly followed by a more in-depth review of three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CF...

Targeted delivery of nanoscale carriers containing packaged payloads to the central nervous system has potential use in many diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Moreover, understanding of the bio-interactions of the engineered nanoparticles used for tissue-specific delivery by non-invasive delivery approaches are also of paramount interest. Here, we have examined this issue systematically ...

Most previous computational studies on aerosol transport in models of the central airways of the human lung have focused on deposition, rather than transport of particles through these airways to the subtended lung regions. Using a model of the bronchial tree extending from the trachea to the segmental bronchi (J Appl Physiol 98: 970-980, 2005), we predicted aerosol delivery to the lung segment...

BACKGROUND An aerosol of budesonide inhalation suspension is delivered when used with various jet-nebulizer/compressor combinations. The constant introduction of new nebulizer/compressor combinations raises the question of whether the performance of these match the performance of existing devices. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro the inhaled mass and aerosol characteristics of bu...

The fractional deposition of particles in boluses delivered to shallow lung depths and their subsequent retention in the airways may depend on the relative volume and size of an individual's airways. To evaluate the effect of variable anatomic dead space (ADS) on aerosol bolus delivery we had healthy subjects inhale radiolabeled, monodisperse aerosol (99mTc-iron oxide, 3.5 micron mean mondisper...

BACKGROUND There is increasing use of therapeutic aerosols in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Few studies have measured aerosol delivery to the lungs under these conditions with adequate experimental methods. Hence this study was performed to measure pulmonary aerosol deposition and to determine the reproducibility of the method of measurement during mechanical ventilation. METHOD...