Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are pulmonary diseases that are characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine production, and airway hyper-reactivity. Most of the effector cells responsible for these pathologies reside in the lungs. One of the most direct ways to deliver drugs to the target cells is via the trachea. In a pre-clinical setting, this can be achi...

Care-giver Protection in AOrOSOIIZed Pharmacologic Agents (Robert M. Kacmarek) 6 Fraser I, DuVall A, Dolovich M, Newhouse MT Therapeutic aerosol delivery in ventilator systems [abstract]. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 123(4 Pt 2):107 7 Ahrens RC, flies RA, Popendorf W, Wiese JA. The delivery of therapeutic aerosols through endotracheal tubes. Pediatr Palmonol 1986; 2:19-26 8 Flavin M, MacDonald M, Do...

EFFECTS OF HEAT AND MOISTURE EXCHANGERS DESIGNED TO ALLOW AEROSOL DELIVERY ON AIRFLOW RESISTANCE AND AEROSOL DEPOSITION By William Sonny Bowers Introduction: Several problems arise when HMEs are used while giving aerosolized medication including increased airway resistance (Raw) or the need to open the ventilator circuit. Recently, heat and moisture exchangers designed to allow aerosol delivery...

ventilation, and airway geometry, will deposit to varying degrees throughout the respiratory tract.1 Aerosols account for the spread of certain infectious lung diseases, as well as exposure to noxious agents resulting in interstitial lung disease and even malignancy. Aerosols have been employed as a means of drug delivery in the treatment of respiratory disorders. The theoretical advantages of ...

Each year, approximately five million people die worldwide from putatively vaccine-preventable mucosally transmitted diseases. With respect to mass vaccination campaigns, one strategy to cope with this formidable challenge is aerosol vaccine delivery, which offers potential safety, logistical, and cost-saving advantages over traditional vaccination routes. Additionally, aerosol vaccination may ...

There is an increasing number of ventilated patients who require aerosol medications, for various indications. While there are many studies of aerosol delivery through tracheostomy and endotracheal tubes in patients on mechanical ventilation, and also in patients with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,1 a relatively neglected area of aerosol therapy is in non-ventilated patients, and pa...

In most circumstances, a nasal route for the delivery of pulmonary aerosol medications is rarely considered; however, in specific instances, this route may be quite useful. Consider, for example, the delivery of aerosol treatments during humidified high-flow nasal cannula use in pediatric critical care, or continuous aerosol delivery via cannula for medications with short durations of action. T...

In this article, applications of engineered nanoparticles containing siRNA for inhalation delivery are reviewed and discussed. Diseases with identified protein malfunctions may be mitigated through the use of well-designed siRNA therapeutics. The inhalation route of administration provides local delivery of siRNA therapeutics to the lungs for various pulmonary diseases. A siRNA delivery system ...