On the basis of elaborating the process of institutional change of Chinese agricultural land and by reference to the State Theory of North, the article analyzes constituent functions for institutional activities by the state for its realization of maximization of utility and further the role of the state in the process of institutional change of Chinese agricultural land.

Agricultural pesticides often have been cited as a factor affecting indigenous amphibian populations, but possible effects of pesticides and other factors associated with agricultural practices are understood poorly. Adult bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) were collected within the Yamaska River basin (Quebec, Canada) in subwatersheds representing low, medium, and high agricultural activities and 53...

Hearing injury due to exposure to excessive noise during common farming activities is a significant problem for farmers. The aim of this study was to investigate factors that affect the level of risk to hearing caused by common farming activities. Noise levels on farms were measured across a range of activities and producer groups, and situational factors that effect noise levels were also inve...

Sample Courses and Course Materials in Agricultural Economics Supported in part by the National Science Foundation, the DLESE offers access to electronic materials in all aspects of earth science education, including agricultural economics, for both teachers and learners at all levels. Has searchable database with such materials as maps, images, online courses, field and lab activities, curricu...

Public agricultural research in the United States is conducted by state agricultural experiment stations (SAES) and by the research agencies of the USDA. Both have research activities in every state. A vast amount of research and experiments has shown that the performance of plants and to a lesser extent animals, in which new technologies are frequently embodied, is altered by local geoclimatic...

Agricultural activities affect strongly their environment. Therefore and because of their other economic, industrial and political effects, monitoring agricultural areas is increasingly demanded. Space borne remote sensing is a very cost effective and beneficial means for monitoring and mapping of earth’s surface. Due to independence from weather conditions, radar data are regularly available a...

BACKGROUND Heavy carrying and lifting (HCL) is a common activity among farmers that may be related to health. The aim of this study was to examine HCL as a proxy for occupational physical activity (PA) among farm residents. The secondary objective was to evaluate PA based on HCL. METHODS Data from 21,296 farmers and 30,951 spouses in the Agricultural Health Study examined the relationship bet...

Pre-plant fumigation of agricultural soils with a combination of methyl bromide (MeBr) and chloropicrin (CP) to control nematodes, soilborne pathogens and weeds has been a common practice in strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duchesne) production since the 1960s. MeBr will be phased out by 2005, but little is known about the impacts of alternative fumigants on soil microbial processes. We investig...

The Environmental Science and Technology Department engage in research to improve the scientific basis tor new methods in industrial and agricultural production. Through basic and applied research in chemistry, biology and ecology the department aspires to develop methods and technology tor the future industrial and agricultural production exerting less stress and strain on the environment. The...

Worldwide land consolidation policies have been used during decades to improve efficiency in crop production through the consolidation of fragmented agricultural lands. At a landscape scale the effect of these policies that promote higher clustering of homogeneous crops is questionable, as spatial patterns influence the probability of exotic pests arriving and spreading across the landscape. Th...