introduction: previous studies have shown that vitamin a and its derivatives such as retinoid and all-trans retinoic acid have a crucial role in memory, learning and synaptic plasticity. the receptors of vitamin a are seen in different parts of the brain such as hippocampus, where vitamin a has an important role in learning. in this study, the effect of intrahippocampal (ca1) injection of all –...

Mating pair stabilization occurs during conjugative DNA transfer whereby the donor and recipient cells form a tight junction which requires pili as well as TraN and TraG in the donor cell. The role of the outer membrane protein, TraN, during conjugative transfer was examined by introduction of a chloramphenicol resistance cassette into the traN gene on an F plasmid derivative, pOX38, to produce...

4,792,909 A 1211988 Serlet .......................... 716110 4,849,928 A * 711989 Hauck ........................... 71611 5,040,139 A 811991 Tran 5,051,917 A 911991 Gould et al. 5,128,871 A 711992 Schnitz ........................ 716117 5,162,666 A 1111992 Tran 5,200,907 A 411993 Tran 5,225,991 A 711993 Dougherty 5,349,659 A 911994 Do et al. 5,461,557 A * 1011995 Tamagawa ................... 36...

In this paper, a novel robotic system called modular transformer (M-TRAN) is proposed. M-TRAN is a distributed, self-reconfigurable system composed of homogeneous robotic modules. The system can change its configuration by changing each module’s position and connection. Each module is equipped with an onboard microprocessor, actuators, intermodule communication/power transmission devices and in...

The M-TRAN is a modular robot capable of both three-dimensional self-reconfiguration and whole body locomotion. Introducing regularity in allowed structures reduced difficulties of its reconfiguration problems. Several locomotion patterns in various structures were designed systematically using a CPG controller model and GA optimization. Then they were verified by experimentation. Results showe...