In this study, the adsorption and/or desorption capacity of tungsten ions using nickel–aluminum complex hydroxides was assessed. Nickel–aluminum at various molar ratios, such as NA11 were prepared, and evaluated. Precisely, effect temperature, contact time, pH, coexistence on in water layer demonstrated. Among onto highest all adsorbents. The sulfate interlayer exchanged to ions, that is, mecha...

Inorganic aluminum ions, [Al(H2O)6]3+, [Al(OH)(H2O)5]2+, and [Al(OH)2(H2O)4]+, are toxic to a number of crops. The aim of this study was to estimate the danger of soil contamination of bioavailable aluminum and heavy metals forms because of alum sludge which was a by-product of water, and wastewater treatment technology using aluminum coagulant is introduced into the soil. Aluminum and selected...

The IgE production was compared in the presence and absence of aluminum hydroxide gel (alum). Without alum, the IgE production was induced within a suitable range of the antigen dosage; however, alum enhanced it. Alum did not affect the minimum requirement for the antigen dosage, indicating that alum may not take part in the efficiency of antigen presentation.