The current patho-physiologies of hemorrhoids include the degenerative change of supportive tissue within the anal cushions, vascular hyperplasia, and hyper perfusion of the hemorrhoidal plexus. On the one hand hemorrhoidectomy has been the mainstay of surgical treatment, while more recently other approaches have been employed including stapled hemorrhoidopexy and Dopplerguided hemorrhoidal art...

The synthetic route for a uterine relaxant, bis(2-[[(2S)-2-([(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-phenyl]ethyl]amino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-7-yl]oxy]-N,N-dimethylacetamide) sulfate (KUR-1246), was established by the coupling of optically active components, the bromohydrin 14 and the amine 24. We now describe the practical synthesis of these two optically active components. Brom...

In situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore usually uses ammonium sulfate as the agent, which poses challenges such low mass transfer efficiency, high consumption agent and long periods. order to intensify process elements reduce impurity accompanying earth, formate were mixed a novel compound treat ore. The effects concentration, liquid/solid ratio, pH temperature on (...

In view of the well recognized need of reject water treatment in MWWTP (municipal wastewater treatment plant), this paper outlines two strategies for P removal from reject water using alum sludge, which is produced as by-product in drinking water treatment plant when aluminium sulphate is used for flocculating raw waters. One strategy is the use of the alum sludge in liquid form for co-conditio...

Patikaraparpam, a Siddha formulation in prepared by trituration of potash alum with egg albumin followed by calcinatin. The three authentic laboratories made parpams as well as six commercial samples have been examined for their chemical composition. The analytical data that emerged from the analysis of the above samples showed that seven parpams contained only aluminium sulphate and they did r...

Applications of animal manures have increased soil test P values in many parts of the USA and thus increased the risk that soil P will be transferred to surface water and decrease water quality. To continue farming these areas, landowners need tools to reduce the risk of P losses. A field experiment was conducted near Kurten, TX, on a Zulch fine sandy loam (thermic Udertic Paleustalfs) with Bra...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the protective status of an antioxidant combination (melatonin and Sempervivum tectorum extract) on aluminium accumulation in genital organs of male rats. The 12 weeks study was carried out on 35 Wistar male rats divided in five groups: C – control, receiving distillated water; E1 – aluminium sulphate 0.1 mg/L; E2 – melatonin 10 mg/kg b.w. in drinking water;...

Conditioning of an aluminum-based water treatment sludge by single and dual polymers was investigated in this study. Capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and settling rate were used to evaluate the sludge dewatering characteristics. Sludge dewaterability resulting from single and dual polymer conditioning were compared for the purpose of exploring the validity a...

In this study of coagulation operation, a comparison was made between the optimum jar test values for pH, coagulant and coagulant aid obtained from traditional methods (an adjusted one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method) and with central composite design (the standard design of response surface methodology (RSM)). Alum (coagulant) and polymer (coagulant aid) were used to treat a water source with v...

INTRODUCTION The fitness of water supplies for public consumption may be assured by minimal treatment where high purity sources are available. Aluminium sulphate is used in the coagulation process forming a floc which acts as a filter for the removal of finer particles. The presence of a high concentration of aluminium sulphate in the water supply lowers the pH of the water and may result in th...