alzheimer is age-related, progressive brain degeneration disease. it destroys memory slowly. the number of people living with ad is increasing as fast as the count of aged population and extension of bad nutrition habits. the main cause of ad is not clearly known, but prior studies noted the importance of inflammation in tau hyperphosphorylation and failure of microglia to clear ab peptide accu...

many studies indicate that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. oxidative stress can induce neuronal damages, modulate intracellular signaling and ultimately leads to neuronal death by apoptosis or necrosis. to review antioxidants preventive effects on oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases we accumulated data from international medical jou...

Zhi Cheng Educational school, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006 Abstract: In this paper, we provide another angle to analyze the reasons why Alzheimer Disease exists. We analyze the dynamic mechanism of Alzheimer Disease based on the cognitive model that established from artificial neural network. We can provide some theoretic explanations to Alzheimer Disease through the analyzing of this...

Alzheimer disease is characterized by a loss of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and a decrease in acetylcholine levels. Currently, cholinesterase inhibitors, drugs that act by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, are the only therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer disease approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The cholinesterase inhibitors hav...

important degenerative disease of brain.1,2 Several theories have been raised for Alzheimer disease including genetic deficiencies, slowly-progressive viral diseases, neutrophilic factors deficiencies, amyloid, free radicals, mitochondrial deficiencies and glutamate poisoning.3,4 One important phenomenon in these diseases is changes observed in copper and iron homeostasis.5,6 Since iron serum l...

The objective is to evaluate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme inducer and inhibitor on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Alzheimer disease. 70 female albino rats were divided equally into 7 groups as follows: group 1: healthy control; group 2: Aluminium chloride induced Alzheimer disease; group 3: induced Alzheimer rats that received intravenous injection of MSCs; group 4: induced Al...

The nuclear receptor (NR) coactivator TIF2 possesses a single NR interaction domain (NID) and two autonomous activation domains, AD1 and AD2. The TIF2 NID is composed of three NR-interacting modules each containing the NR box motif LxxLL. Mutation of boxes I, II and III abrogates TIF2-NR interaction and stimulation, in transfected cells, of the ligand-induced activation function-2 (AF-2) presen...

Microglia are the principal immune cells of the brain. In Alzheimer disease, these brain mononuclear phagocytes are recruited from the blood and accumulate in senile plaques. However, the role of microglia in Alzheimer disease has not been resolved. Microglia may be neuroprotective by phagocytosing amyloid-b (Ab), but their activation and the secretion of neurotoxins may also cause neurodegener...

reactive oxygen species (ros) are produced in many normal and abnormal processes in humans, including atheroma, asthma, joint diseases, cancer, and aging. basal levels of ros production  in  cells  could  be  related  to  several  physiological functions  including  cell proliferation, apoptosis and homeostasis. however, excessive ros production above basal levels would impair and oxidize dna, ...

background and aims: the spice zingiber officinale or ginger possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. in this study we hypothesized that treatment with hydroethanolic extract of ginger (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) would have an effect on the scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats.methods: in this experimental study, 64 male wistar rats were divided into eight groups (8 rats in ...