The environmental context in which amphetamine or cocaine are administered modulates both their acute psychomotor activating effects and their ability to induce sensitization. Here we report that environmental context differentially affects patterns of amphetamine- and cocaine-induced c-fos mRNA expression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and amygdala of male rats. In the medial...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulant use is greater than that of opioids and cocaine combined. Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapy treatments for amphetamine-type stimulant problems, but some face-to-face psychotherapies are of demonstrated effectiveness. However, most treatment services focus on alcohol or opioid disorders, have limited reach and may not appeal ...

Theoretical calculations and preliminary measurements of vibrational Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra of different species of amphetamine (amphetamine and amphetamine-H) are reported for the first time. The quantum chemical calculations were carried out as hybrid ab initio DFT-molecular orbital calculations by use of the Gaussian 03W program, based on complete geometry minimizations of the ...

Effects of sodium azide (NaN(3)) on spontaneously generated action potential and bursts of potential elicited by d-amphetamine (d-amphetamine-elicited BoP) were studied on the right parietal 4 (RP4) neuron of the snail Achatina fulica Ferussac in vitro. Sodium azide altered the spontaneous action potential of RP4 neuron in a concentration-dependent manner. In lower concentrations, neither NaN(3...

A single injection of D-amphetamine has recently been shown to produce long-lasting dopamine (DA) deficits in rats pretreated with iprindole, an agent which interferes with the metabolism of amphetamine and prolongs its half-life. The basis for these persistent DA deficits has not been determined. The present results suggest that amphetamine produces prolonged DA depletions in iprindole-treated...

The aim of this article was to describe the attention functioning of twenty-two truck drivers and its relationship with amphetamine use. Those drivers who reported using amphetamines in the twelve months previous to the interview had the best performance in a test evaluating sustained attention functioning. Although amphetamine use may initially seem advantageous to the drivers, it may actually...

conclusions regarding the study findings, there was a significant difference between family function dimensions and quality of life among addicts and non-addicts. results the study revealed that some disorders in family function dimensions were higher in the addicts compared to non-addicts. addicts have a quality of life lower than non-addicts (p < 0.05). there was a relationship between differ...

The effect of anorectic dose of amphetamine on some correlates of arousal (hippocampal EEG and EOG activity) was examined in cats. After injection of amphetamine the frequency of hippocampal rhythmic slow activity and EOG activity increased when preinjection value of rhytmic slow activity was low, but decreased when it was high. Thus, amphetamine anorexia may be accompained with an increase as ...

Amphetamine and its derivatives are important drugs of abuse causing both short-term excitatory and long-term addictive effects. The short-term excitatory effects are linked to amphetamine's ability to maintain high levels of dopamine (DA) outside the cell both by inhibiting DA reuptake after synaptic transmission and by enhancing the efflux of DA from the dopaminergic cells. The molecular mech...

Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder. The identification of biomarkers that render individuals vulnerable for the transition from occasional drug use to addiction is of key importance to develop early intervention strategies. The aim of the present study was to prospectively assess brain structural markers for escalating drug use in two independent samples of occasional ampheta...