Abstract Analytical formulas for laminar water hammer in horizontal pipes were extended and simplified into a compact mathematical form based on dimensionless parameters: time, number, etc. Detailed treatment of turbulent analytical solutions is beyond the scope this paper. In Muto Takahashi solution, novel Laplace time domain flow velocity wall shear stress developed. A series comparative stud...

In this paper, considering symmetric collapse mode for hybrid tubes, and using Tsai-Hill fracture criterion to take into account the off-axis strength of an orthotropic lamina, an analytical model is extended and an expression is derived for mean crushing load and fold lengths of circular hybrid tubes. In this model, the influences of the geometrical dimensions including diameter, thickness of ...

recent developments in nanostructured products draw considerable attention to ultrafine grained materials. these materials are normally manufactured by different severe plastic deformation (spd) methods. in the present study, analytical models and finite element method (fem) are used to calculate strain imposed to a specimen that was deformed by equal channel angular pressing (ecap). in additio...