The effect of surface anisotropy on the distribution of energy barriers in magnetic fine particles of nanometer size is discussed within the framework of the Tln(t/τ(0)) scaling approach. The comparison between the distributions of the anisotropy energy of the particle cores, calculated by multiplying the volume distribution by the core anisotropy, and of the total anisotropy energy, deduced by...

We investigated the in-plane resistivity anisotropy for underdoped Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))(2)As(2) single crystals with improved quality. We demonstrate that the anisotropy in resistivity in the magnetostructural ordered phase arises from the anisotropy in the residual component which increases in proportion to the Co concentration x. This gives evidence that the anisotropy originates from the impurit...

Introduction: The response variability between subjects, which is one of the fundamental challenges facing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can be investigated by understanding how the current is distributed through the brain. This understanding can be obtained by means of computational methods utilizing finite element (FE) models. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect...

Background: Iodine brachytherapy sources with low photon energies have been widely used in treating cancerous tumors. Dosimetric parameters of brachytherapy sources should be determined according to AAPM TG-43U1 recommendations before clinical use. Monte Carlo codes are reliable tools in calculation of these parameters for brachytherapy sources. Materials and Methods: Dosimetric param...

INTRODUCTION The orientational dependence of the diffusion-weighted MR signal intensity has been exploited to characterize the integrity and orientation of white-matter pathways in the brain. Anisotropy observed in traditional single pulsed field gradient (single-PFG) acquisitions is primarily a product of the interaction betweeen cellular membranes and diffusing water molecules suggesting the ...

Surface waves propagating through a laterally inhomogeneous medium undergo wavefield complications such as multiple scattering, wavefront healing, and backward scattering. Unless accounted for accurately, these effects will introduce a systematic isotropic bias in estimates of azimuthal anisotropy. We demonstrate with synthetic experiments that backward scattering near an observing station will...

The interpretation of seismic anisotropy in Earth's upper mantle has traditionally been based on the fabrics (lattice-preferred orientation) of relatively water-poor olivine. Here we show that when a large amount of water is added to olivine, the relation between flow geometry and seismic anisotropy undergoes marked changes. Some of the puzzling observations of seismic anisotropy in the upper m...

Inverse methods are used to reconstruct current sources in the human brain by means of Electroencephalography (EEG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measurements of event related fields or epileptic seizures. There exists a persistent uncertainty regarding the influence of anisotropy of the white matter compartment on neural source reconstruction. In this paper, we study the sensitivity to anis...

The current transport in polycrystalline MgB2 is strongly influenced by the intrinsic anisotropy of this superconductor. Untextured bulks and wires are macroscopically isotropic, but the grains retain their anisotropic properties and the field dependence of the critical currents is much stronger than in isotropic superconductors. Weakly or partially textured tapes are macroscopically anisotropi...

The anisotropy induction by light in self-induced molecular aggregations ensemble of azodyes has been studied. In the dynamic regime of anisotropy photoinduction the video-microscopy investigations of the film having photoinduced anisotropy in the crossed polarizers have been conducted. It is shown that image formation herein can be carried out in the way of light modulation of the granular ani...