Phlegmatic people dislike taking benzodiazepine drugs. In those with low'anxiety traits benzodiazepines are dysphoric and may paradoxically increase anxiety.' In normal subjects benzodiazepines improve performance under experimental stress but worsen it under conditions of low stress.2 Benzodiazepines relieve preoperative anxiety in patients with high anticipatory anxiety but not in those with ...

Powerful behavioural treatments for many patients with anxiety disorders have been widely available since the 1970s. Despite this, the majority of such patients have continued to be treated with psychotrophic drugs. Recent litigation against the manufacturers of benzodiazepine drugs has made the public increasingly concerned about the prescription of anxiolytic agents. In parallel with the fall...

It was shown that the anxiolytic effect of Selank is comparable to that of classical benzodiazepine drugs and that the basis of their mechanism of action may be similar. These data suggest that the presence of Selank may change the action of classical benzodiazepine drugs. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the anxiolytic activity of Selank and diazepam in rats both under conditions of unpre...

Drugs to reduce anxiety have been used by human beings for thousands of years. One of the first anxiolytics and one that continues to be used by humans is ethanol. A detailed description of ethanol’s action may be found in Chapter 100. A number of other drugs including the barbiturates and the carbamates (meprobamate) were used in the first half of the 20th century and some continue to be used ...

STATEMENT OF NEED Although most primary care physicians recognize broad-spectrum mood and anxiety disorders, many do not make a distinct diagnosis. Thus, educational issues for primary care audiences may include symptom recognition and the diagnosis of various anxiety disorders, as well as the differentiation and selection of anxiolytic agents. This activity addresses current concepts in the tr...

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy an ethanolic extract of Aswagandha (Withania somnifera), in patients with ICD-10 anxiety disorders. The sample comprised 39 subjects, of whom 20 received the drug and 19 received placebo. The two groups were sociodemographically and clinically similar at baseline. At 2 and 6 weeks follow-up, data from approximately ...

The 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation model is used to provoke acute anxiety, for example to investigate the effects of anxiety on cognitive processes, or the efficacy of novel anxiolytic agents. However, little is known about the relationship of baseline anxiety sensitivity or trait anxiety (i.e., anxiety proneness), with an individual's response to the 7.5% CO2 challenge. We examined data ...

The purpose of this longitudinal study (N = 2,745) was to determine whether adolescents' recent medical use of anxiolytic or sleep medication was associated with increased incidence of using someone else's prescription for these classes of medication (nonmedical use). Data were collected from adolescents attending 5 Detroit area secondary schools between December and April in 3 consecutive acad...

Widely used in Europe as a labor analgesic, nitrous oxide (N2O) is making a dramatic return in the United States. Valued for its analgesic properties, N2O also has anxiolytic characteristics. Fear and anxiety in childbirth have been associated with various negative effects, and N2O may have the potential to lessen these effects for some women. Women in the United States should have the option o...

The anxiety-related effects of noscapine were investigated using male Balb-c mice. Since noscapine-induced locomotion may alter the animals' activity level in the dark-light model, the anxiety-related effects of noscapine were studied at doses with no effect on locomotion (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg/kg). The parameter measured in dark-light model was the time spent in lit com...