Background Anti-PD-1 antibodies (anti-PD-1) have clinical activity in a number of malignancies. All clinical trials have excluded patients with significant preexisting autoimmune disorders (ADs) and only one has included patients with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) with ipilimumab. We sought to explore the safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1 in such patients. Patients and methods Patients...

The programmed death-1 (PD-1), a coinhibitory receptor expressed on activated T cells and B cells, is demonstrated to induce an immune-mediated response and play a critical role in tumor initiation and development. The cancer patients harboring PD-1 or PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein expression have often a poor prognosis and clinical outcome. Currently, targeting PD-1 pathway as a potential new an...

Background MGA271 is an Fc optimized humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family, currently undergoing Phase I testing. The Fc domain is engineered for enhanced binding to the activating FcgR, CD16A, and decreased binding to the inhibitory FcgR, CD32B. B7-H3 has limited expression in normal tissue and high expression in multiple tumors including mel...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), exemplified by anti-PD-1 are promising treatments for many tumors. However, the majority of patients lack effective responses because emergence immune-refractory tumors that disrupt amplification antitumor immunity. In cases, one major causes resistance to these agents is limited tumor penetrance effector T cells. Durable clinical using anti–PD-1 have been a...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an immunogenic and proangiogenic cancer. Although antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies achieve impressive responses in some patients, many tumors eventually develop resistance to such therapy. The B7 family molecules such as CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 are pivotal players in immune checkpoints that positively or negatively regulate various immune res...

INTRODUCTION Studies on the role of programmed death-1(PD-1) and its main ligand (PD-L1) during experimental models of sepsis have shown that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a pathologic role in altering microbial clearance, the innate inflammatory response and accelerated apoptosis in sepsis. However, the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 and their role during the development of immune suppression in ...

Cancer development and progression are characterised by evasion of immune responses, including tumour escape mediated through immune checkpoint pathways [1–4]. Programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1) is a suppressive immune checkpoint ligand that binds two receptors expressed on T cells—programmed death-1 (PD-1) and B7.1 (CD80)—to inhibit T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytotoxicity [5–9]. PD-L1...

Radiotherapy (RT) is a standard therapeutic strategy in the treatment in head and neck cancer (HNC), but many patients still experience recurrence and metastasis. Interestingly, radiotherapy (RT) may also induce immunomodulatory effects. Given the recent, exciting responses seen using anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in recurrent/metastatic disease, including HNC...

Since their approval by regulatory agencies worldwide, the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), as monotherapy or in combination with ipilimumab, have become the standard frontline therapy for advanced BRAF-wild-type melanoma and an eminent rival to targeted therapy in the first-line setting for unresectable BRAF-mutated melanoma. Mature survival data from randomized phase 3 trials have emer...

Blockade of the immunological checkpoint programmed death 1 (PD-1) using monoclonal antibodies has shown robust anti-tumor activity across a broad range of solid and hematological malignancies including melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Characteristic markers such as the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-L1 status, and mutational load may be equally or even more important in...