Anticonvulsants cause dyskinesias more commonly than has been appreciated. Diphenylhydantoin (DPH), carbamazepine, primidone, and phenobarbitone may cause asterixis. DPH, but not other anticonvulsants, may cause orofacial dyskinesias, limb chorea, and dystonia in intoxicated patients. These dyskinesias are similar to those caused by neuroleptic drugs and may be related to dopamine antagonistic ...

background: valproic acid (vpa) is an effective antiepileptic drug widely used worldwide. despite several studies indicating the usefulness of intravenous l-carnitine in the treatment of vpa poisoning, this drug is not readily available in iran. the aim of this study was to determine whether supportive care without antidote would result in acceptable outcomes in vpa poisoned patients. materials...

BACKGROUND The use of psychotropic medications-in particular, mood stabilizers--in youths with psychiatric illness has grown. There are trends toward polypharmacy and the increased use of newer mood stabilizers in youths with psychiatric illness despite a paucity of studies examining the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of these agents in the pediatric population. METHOD PubMed was us...

The majority of epileptic disorders are not self-limiting over time, and therefore require a long-lasting and often even lifelong antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment. In women with epilepsy the influence of their disease on the possibility and course of pregnancies, as well as the potential impact of the AED treatment on mother and child, are crucial questions. This review addresses the clinical...

Recent research has highlighted the fact that a significant number of patients with bipolar affective disorder have a poor outcome (Cole et al, 1993). The most common poor outcome is the development of rapid or ultra-rapid cycling, but mixed states, prolonged depression and severe mania are also associated with poor outcome. It is estimated that approximately one-third of patients with bipolar ...

OBJECTIVE To determine effectiveness and adverse effects of anticonvulsant drugs in management of pain. DESIGN Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of anticonvulsants for acute, chronic, or cancer pain identified by using Medline, by hand searching, by searching reference lists, and by contacting investigators. SUBJECTS Between 1966 and February 1994, 37 reports were found; 20 ...

The three major anticonvulsants currently used for the treatment of grand ma1 and focal epilepsy are phenobarbitone (introduced into therapy in 1912), diphenylhydantoin (DPII) (introduced in 1938), and primidone (introduced in 1952). Fig. I illustrates the common structural features of these drugs, which presumably account for their common anticonvulsant properties and side-effects. There are s...

OBJECTIVE In patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the risk factors for seizure and the effect of prophylactic anticonvulsants are not well known. This study aimed to determine the risk factor for seizures and the role for prophylactic anticonvulsants after spontaneous ICH. METHODS Between 2005 and 2010, 263 consecutive patients with spontaneous ICH were retrospectively as...