Ethylene glycol (EG) and methanol are responsible for life-threatening poisonings. Fomepizole, a potent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, is an efficient and safe antidote that prevents or reduces toxic EG and methanol metabolism. Although no study has compared its efficacy with ethanol, fomepizole is recommended as a first-line antidote. Treatment should be started as soon as possible, ba...

Cyanide poisoning must be seriously considered in victims of smoke inhalation from enclosed space fires; it is also a credible terrorism threat agent. The treatment of cyanide poisoning is empiric because laboratory confirmation can take hours or days. Empiric treatment requires a safe and effective antidote that can be rapidly administered by either out-of-hospital or emergency department pers...

Time has placed a halo of honour round this little book first published in 1881. It gives to-day, as it gave then, all that can be done in a case of poisoning. The use of stomach tube has been encouraged even in the case of con-osive poisons. If the gullet and the stomach have perished before the arrival of the medical man the patient is going to die in any case. Doubt has been cast on the effi...

n the second century of this era, a consul of Rome ntroduced his doctor, Claudius Galenus of Pergamum, to mperor Marcus Aurelius. They got along famously, and alen became the court physician. Renowned for his public ivisections, which allowed startling advances in the fields of natomy and physiology, Galen joined a band of both otable and notorious doctors on a 4,000-year-old quest for he unive...

Ingestion of the rat poison N-3-pyridylmethyl-N'-p-nitrophenylurea (PNU) produced ocular toxicity in three humans and in an animal model, the Dutch Belted rabbit. The electroretinogram b wave was especially susceptible to the effects of the rodenticide, and the target tissue appeared to be the retinal pigment epithelium. Injection of PNU itself did not produce ocular toxicity. The poison had to...

Background: Acetaminophen is widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug and it is a frequent cause of acute drug poisoning.This study was carried out to investigate the demographic information and clinical and laboratory findings in acetaminophen poisoning patients referred to “17 Shahrivar” and “Razi” educational hospitals, Rasht. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1...