To read more about this study, go to the full report, http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/horizons/sapedssa.pdf A rapid situational analysis of the antiretroviral (ARV) rollout in South Africa found that several ARV programs are treating children successfully. However, all institutions surveyed identified a large number of concerns and challenges that need to be overcome in order to improve care for...

Purpose There are three classes of HIV-1 based on diversity of the viral envelope: M (major), O (outlying) and N (new). The M group is subclassified into nine major subtypes including A—D, F—H, J and K, as well as several recombinant forms. There is a growing need to evaluate antiretroviral (ARV) treatment in these diverse subtypes. Methods M06-802 was an open-label, global, 48-week phase III t...

The shift from a country by country approach in price negotiations to a sub-regional approach has resulted in a rapid decrease in HIV/AIDS Antiretroviral (ARV) prices in Latin America and the Caribbean. Through the regional Accelerated Access Initiative in the Caribbean and Central America, ARV costs have been reduced to US$ 1,100 – US$ 1,600 per year per patient. The development however of an ...

Women continue to be at special risk for HIV acquisition due to a complex mix of biological, behavioural, structural, cultural and social factors, with unacceptable rates of new infection. Scientific advances over the past decade have highlighted the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV acquisition (sexually, parenterally and vertically) and ARV tr...

OBJECTIVE To analyze temporal patterns of antiretroviral (ARV) prescribing practices relative to nationally defined guidelines in treatment-naive patients with HIV-1 infection. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS We evaluated ARV prescribing patterns among ARV treatment-naive veterans who were receiving care within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) from 1992 through 2004 in ...

BACKGROUND Single dose nevirapine and a short course of zidovudine (AZT) are now administered in most hospitals in Uganda to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The effectiveness of these antiretroviral (ARV) regimens has been shown in the clinical trials but has not been demonstrated outside the clinical trials setting in this country. OBJECTIVES The study evaluated the effec...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the racial and ethnic disparities in initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ARV treatment or ART) among HIV-infected Medicaid enrollees 18-64 years of age in 14 southern states which have high prevalence of HIV/AIDS and high racial disparities in HIV treatment access and mortality. METHODS We used Medicaid claims data from 2005 to 2007 for ...

BACKGROUND Mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can transmit the virus to their babies in utero, intrapartum or postpartum through breastfeeding. Maternal to child transmission can be prevented through administration of antiretroviral drugs to mother and child, and through restriction of breastfeeding. This study evaluated the effectiveness of prevention of mother-to-child t...

BACKGROUND Antiretroviral (ARV) adherence of ≥ 95% is recommended for suppressing HIV. However, studies have shown that the ≥ 95% recommended level is rarely achieved. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional community-based study sought to assess factors contributing to ARV drug adherence among adults living with HIV or AIDS. SETTING The study was conducted in a rural community in Machakos County, K...