background and aims: in spite of a long tradition of fruit-tree growing in all provinces of iran, information on pear (pyrus communis) tree viruses is scant. in order to identify of the nature of the virus like symptoms and decline in pear trees, we carried out a survey for the occurrence of four important viruses. materials and methods: leaf samples of pear showing virus like symptoms were col...

Apple (Malus × domestica) represents an interesting model tree crop for studying fruit abscission. The physiological fruitlet drop occurring in this species can be easily magnified by using thinning chemicals, such as benzyladenine (BA), to obtain fruits with improved quality and marketability. Despite the economic importance of this process, the molecular determinants of apple fruitlet absciss...

The new-shoot-growing stage is an important period of apple tree nutrition distribution. The objective of this study is to provide technical support for apple tree nutrition diagnosis by constructing quantitative evaluation models between the apple leaf nitrogen content during the new-shoot-growing stage and characteristic spectral parameters. The correlation coefficients between the original s...

Agroforestry has been widely practiced in the Loess Plateau region of China because of its prominent effects in reducing soil and water losses, improving land-use efficiency and increasing economic returns. However, the agroforestry practices may lead to competition between crops and trees for underground soil moisture and nutrients, and the trees on the canopy layer may also lead to shortage o...

The geometrical structure of plant canopies has many implications for plant functioning, microclimatic conditions, and plant-pathogen/herbivore interactions. Plant geometry can be described at several scales. At the finest scale, canopy structure includes the shape, size, location, and orientation of each organ in the canopy. This data set reports the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry of a set o...

This research demonstrates the basic elements of a prototype automated orchard sprayer which delivers pesticide spray selectively with respect to the characteristics of the targets. The density of an apple tree canopy was detected by PROWAVE 400EP250 ultrasound sensors controlled by a Cypress PSOC CY8C29466 microcontroller. The ultrasound signal was processed with an embedded computer built aro...

Background and Aims: In spite of a long tradition of fruit-tree growing in all provinces of Iran, information on pear (Pyrus communis) tree viruses is scant. In order to identify of the nature of the virus like symptoms and decline in pear trees, we carried out a survey for the occurrence of four important viruses. Materials and Methods: Leaf samples of pear showing virus like symptoms wer...