purpose : to investigate the penetration of cefixime and ciprofloxacin to the rabbit eye on the basis of microbial inhibition of aqueous and vitreous humour after oral administration. methods : in this experimental study, 36 rabbits (72 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups group a consisted of 20 rabbits and group b 16 rabbits. each group was divided into four equal subgroups. the rabbit...

background: immune reactions have been reported to be involved in the destruction of retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) in glaucoma. objective: to investigate the role of major histocompatibility complex class i-related chain a and b (mica and micb) molecules in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. methods: aqueous humor and serum samples from 15 glaucoma patients and 45 patients with cataract, undergoing ...

The reverse micellar system of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (NaDEHP)/isooctane/brine was used for liquidliquid extraction of proteins. We investigated the solubilization of cytochrorne-c and 0-chymotrypsin into the NaDEHP reverse micellar phase by varying the pH and NaCl concentration in the aqueous phase. At neutral pH and relatively low ionic strength, the proteins are extracted into th...

Tetrachloromethane (CT) is transformed in biological systems via two major pathways: hydrogenolysis to trichloromethane (CF) and hydrolysis to carbon dioxide. The mechanism of hydrolysis is poorly understood. One possibility is a hydrolytic reduction of CT to formate or carbon monoxide followed by oxidation to carbon dioxide. In biological systems, formate and carbon monoxide are readily oxidiz...

background and purpose: cadmium is hazardous and non-biodegradable material entering the food chain. in this paper, the removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions by sunflower powder (the natural biosorbent) was investigated. materials and methods: the experiments were performed in a batch system. the effect of parameters such as contact time, ph, cadmium concentration and adsorbent dose were ev...

the present study was undertaken to determine whether two-month treatment of streptozotocin (stz)-diabetic rats with aqueous leaf extract of trigonella foenum-graecum (tfg 200 mg/kg i.p.) could improve thoracic aortic responsiveness and to evaluate its endothelium dependency. for this purpose, vascular responses to kcl and noradrenaline (na) were measured. diabetic state significantly increased...

The present study investigates the interaction of aqueous leaf extract of Psidium guajava with muscarinic, serotonergic and adrenergic receptor system using isolated rat ileum, gastric fundus and trachea, respectively. The concentration-dependent contractile response of aqueous leaf extract of Psidium guajava was parallel and rightward of standard agonists, ACh and 5-HT indicating agonistic act...

introduction: biosorption of heavy metals can be an effective process for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. also, living lichens are known to accumulate metals across their surface. materials and methods: in this study, the biosorption of cadmium ions cd (ii) by the lichens acarospora strigata, lecanora muralis and caloplaca aurantia was investigated in aqueous solution in...