most of the researches do not differentiate between intuitive critic and passive one – in the field of features, applications and methods. this critical school is called emotional or passive critics which emphasizes aesthetics. thus sensitivity is not the only appliance to wisdom but is a mean to inspire happiness or unhappiness feeling. consequently the passive (critical) school is the result ...

nizar qabani, a great modern arab poet, is best known for his poetry on women and politics. however in his political poems there are some conspicuous realistic veins which reflect the special effects of geography, customs, religion, traditions, and thought across the arab world on realism as a literary school. the mission of arabic literature is to reflect the realities of arab societies, which...

description of the nature in arab literature of jáhilyya (bedouin) was a salient aspect of its artistic and rhetorical manner. moreover after muslems dispersion in other occupied territories, description of the landscapes suited more to the taste of arabs. though she'b bawwan (the vale of bawwán) has remained unknown in history and literature of iran, it has been more well-known and memorable i...

abd al - salam al-’ujayli is a syrian physician, literary man and novelist. by his specific style and personal method in expression and description, al-’ujayli is a link between leading authors of thirty and forty decades of twenty century on one hand, and innovators of fifty and sixty decades on the other hand. his literary works are a combination of abilities of these two generations. his sty...

This paper surveys some of the literature pertaining to searching and retrieving OCR’ed printed documents with emphasis on Arabic documents. It examines peculiarities of Arabic morphology, orthography, retrieval, word clustering, display, OCR, and error correction. The paper surveys existing evaluation test-beds for retrieval of Arabic OCR texts. Lastly, it concludes with possible directions fo...

epic poetry is a sort of ancient literature which exists in most of the world's literatures such as roman, greek, indian and iranian; but arabic literature has not used this type of literature. major reasons for this are as follows: 1. lack of nationalistic sense 2. arabic poetry is mostly based on vocality 3. there haven't been real long term wars between arabs 4. arabic poetry has h...

persian literature especially and world literature generally are proud of having a unique and gentle poet who associated word literature with values of humanity; the meanings and values which beautifies literary summits and associations. by following poetic associations - in anywhere of the world - which has superior feelings and elegant emotion, a footprint of sa'adi would be found. by st...

Errors in requirements elicitation cause much more expensive errors in later phases of software engineering. A major source of errors is the ambiguity of the natural languages initially used to write the user requirements. Most of the research studies in the literature have focused on ambiguity detection and correction after the user requirements are written. A better approach would be avoiding...