This paper argues that an increased application of quasi-experimental and experimental techniques will improve understanding about core environmental economics questions. This argument is supported by a review of the limitations of associational evidence in assessing causal hypotheses. The paper also discusses the benefits of experiments and quasi-experiments, outlines some quasi-experimental m...

The application of single-item measures has the potential to help applied researchers address conceptual, methodological, and empirical challenges. Based on a large-scale evidence-based approach, we empirically examined degree which various constructs in organizational sciences can be reliably validly assessed with single item. In study 1, across 91 selected constructs, 71.4% demonstrated stron...

The paper aims to bring together and unify two traditions in studying dialogue as a game: dialogical logic introduced by Lorenzen; and persuasion dialogue games as specified by Prakken. The first approach allows the representation of formal dialogues in which the validity of argument is the topic discussed. The second tradition has focused on natural dialogues examining, e.g., informal fallacie...

In this paper, we examine some of the mechanisms at work which relate distinct senses of a predicate. Independent of whether one adopts a lumping or splitting approach to sense differentiation and granularity in word meaning, the issue of how senses relate to one another is relevant for both approaches. While we differentiate between the selection and the coercion of an argument by a predicate,...

Many proposals for logic-based formalizations of argumentation consider an argument as a pair (Φ, α), where the support Φ is understood as a minimal consistent subset of a given knowledge base which has to entail the claim α. In most scenarios, arguments are given in the full language of classical propositional logic which makes reasoning in such frameworks a computationally costly task. For in...

Recent theories of universal algorithmic intelligence, combined with the view that the world can be completely specified in mathematical terms, have led to claims about intelligence in any agent, including human beings. We discuss the validity of assumptions and claims made by theories of universally optimal intelligence in relation to their application in actual robots and intelligence tests. ...

Argument visualisation (AV) tools facilitate structured debates utilising elements such as issues, positions and arguments. In this way, AV tools seem promising for improving eParticipation e.g. by avoiding repetition and enhancing clarity in debates. In this paper we present and discuss citizens’ opinion on utilising an AV platform for eParticipation, specifically for discussing the emerging t...

This essay is about how four deeply important Kantian ideas can significantly illuminate some essentially intertwined issues in philosophical theology, philosophical logic, the metaphysics of agency, and above all, morality. These deeply important Kantian ideas are: (1) Kant’s argument for the impossibility of the Ontological Argument, (2) Kant’s first “postulate of pure practical reason,” immo...

Social psychology shows that the effect of a persuasive argument depends on characteristics of the person to be persuaded, including the person’s involvement with the topic and the discrepancy between the person’s current position on the topic and the argument’s position. Via a series of experiments, this paper provides insight into how the receiver’s position can be modelled computationally, a...

Abstract This article examines the changes taken place over decades after a test-based accountability system was in and proposes an agenda for consequential research of testing program. The starts with review theories (Supovitz, Journal Educational Change 10:211–227, 2009) socially grounded, integrated approach to test validation (Chalhoub-Deville, Language Testing 33:453–472, 2016; Chalhoub-De...