Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain with complex clinical manifestations and pathogeneses such as abnormal deposition of beta-amyloid protein inflammation caused by the excessive activation microglia. CXC motif chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) G protein-coupled that binds to ligand 12 (CXCL12) activate downstream signaling pathways, Janus kinase/signal transducer activator transcr...

Abstract Deposits of different abnormal forms tau in neurons and astrocytes represent key anatomo-pathological features tauopathies. Although protein is highly enriched poorly expressed by astrocytes, the origin astrocytic still elusive. Here, we used innovative gene transfer tools to model tauopathies adult mouse brains investigate tau. We showed our adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based models T...

Background Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that when exposed to inflammatory factors go through a process known as reactive astrogliosis. Reactive astrocytes neuropathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The etiology AD is often explained by the accumulation β-amyloid peptides, proteolytic product amyloid precursor protein (APP). However, inflammation also plays prominent role i...

Astrocytes serve essential roles in human brain function and diseases. Growing evidence indicates that astrocytes are central players of the feedback modulation excitatory Glu signalling during epileptiform activity via Glu-GABA exchange. The underlying mechanism results increase tonic inhibition by reverse operation astroglial GABA transporter, induced Glu-Na+ symport. GABA, released from astr...

The Role of Astrocytes in the Central Nervous System: Physiological and Pathophysiological Conditions

background: b cell cll/lymphoma 2 protein, bcl-2, is an important anti-apoptotic factor that has been implicated in lithium’s neuroprotective effect. however, most studies have focused on assessing the effects of lithium in neurons, ignoring examination of bcl-2 in astrocytes, which also influence neuronal survival and are affected in bipolar disorder. the aim of this study was to evaluate whet...

Plasticity is a fundamental property of neuronal circuits, allowing them to adapt alterations in activation. Generally speaking, plasticity has been viewed from ‘neuron-centric’ perspective, with changes circuit function attributed excitability, synaptic strength or connectivity. However, it now clear that glial cells, particular astrocytes, are key regulators plasticity. This article reviews r...

Abstract Background Whether human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) can affect mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) remains controversial. The present meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate whether HHV-6B is significantly associated with MTLE. Methods Six studies were included in this meta-analysis, comprising 183 MTLE patients and 75 controls. In these studies, infection astrocytes brain samples of control...

Abstract A thorough understanding of brain metabolism is essential to tackle neurodegenerative diseases. Astrocytes are glial cells which play an important metabolic role by supplying neurons with energy. In addition, astrocytes provide scaffolding and homeostatic functions neighboring contribute the blood–brain barrier. Recent investigations indicate that complex morphology impacts upon their ...