FSO (Free-Space Optical Communications) is a type of optical communication that transmitted over an open space. The irradiance fluctuation in clear atmosphere caused by Temperature variations the are minor but erratic. As result, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) reduced, and performance reduced. BPSK has best when scintillation not considered. Thus, investigated this work under impact air turbulence...

3-D W/T/P encoded signal transmitted over free space optical link under the effects of atmospheric turbulences i.e. haze, fog and clear weather. System performance is best when clear weather attenuation is considered (0.1dB/Km) and results degrades in case of Haze (4dB/Km) and worst in Fog (20dB/Km).This system analyzed at varied distance for all the three turbulences, also effect of amplifiers...

Unmanned aerial vehicle experience different atmospheric uncertainties during their flight. These uncertainties caused the problem in the stability and the desired performance of the system. This research paper structured to nullify the influence of atmospheric turbulence and ground effect on the UAV. The models of Dryden turbulence is used as it is one of the major disturbances affecting the U...

Correction of atmospheric turbulences with the use of guide stars as reference, is one of the most relevant issues of adaptive optics (AO). This is addressed with tomographic techniques such as Multi-object adaptive optics (MOAO). Next generations of extremely large telescopes, will require improvements in computational capabilities of real time control systems. An improved version of CARMEN, a...

Weather surveillance radars observe clear-air radar echoes (CAE); aerial biota and irregularities in atmospheric refractive index caused the echoes. Using weak returns of atmospheric CAE, the radars have been applied to wind findings in a short radar range in a fair weather, in particular S-band radars. Long wavelength radars perform good to observe air motion, because a detectable turbulent sc...

Common efficient SAR processing algorithms, e.g. Chirp Scaling (CS) and Omega-K are based on nominal operational conditions, that is, rectilinear flight trajectory and constant airborne attitude and forward velocity. Unfortunately, due to atmospheric turbulences and manoeuvring errors, these conditions are often violated in real SAR systems. Airborne sensors, in contrary to spaceborne sensors, ...

An in-flight unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) free-space optical (FSO) communication channel model is proposed by considering the beam deviation of UAV under different motion states and phase distortion caused atmospheric turbulences. The influence turbulences on quality evaluated through screen Monte Carlo methods. When average bit error rate (BER) 10−5, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) should be incr...

In this paper, we explore the potential capabilities of new laser scanning-based method for direction determination. The method for fully coherent beams is extended to the case when interference pattern is produced in the turbulent atmosphere by two partially coherent sources. The performed theoretical analysis identified the conditions under which stable pattern may form on extended paths of 0...