OBJECTIVE To determine gray matter (GM) atrophy rates in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients at all stages of disease, and to identify predictors and clinical correlates of GM atrophy. METHODS MS patients and healthy control subjects were observed over 4 years with standardized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurological examinations. Whole-brain, GM, and white matter atrophy rates were ca...

Dysbiosis resulting from a high fat/high sucrose diet (HFHSD) causes sarcopenia by decreasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study investigated effects miso, traditional fermented soybean food in Japan, on muscle mass atrophy. Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice were fed HFHSD with or without miso for 12 weeks. A increased soleus weights (p <0.05) and reduced intraperiton...

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological condition characterised clinically by recurrent seizures, facial asymmetry, hemiplegia and mental retardation likely due to foetal or early childhood cerebral insult. We describe the MRI findings of DDMS in 10-year-old male child. brain revealed right atrophy, ipsilateral thickening calvarium, lateral ventricular dilatation, hyper-pneu...

The rate of brain atrophy and its relationship to clinical disease progression in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is not clear. Twenty-four patients with PSP, 11 with MSA-P (Parkinsonian variant), 12 with Parkinson's disease, and 18 healthy control subjects were recruited for serial MRI scans, clinical assessments and formal neuropsychological evaluations ...

purpose: to evaluate the correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (nfl) thickness and visual field parameters in patients with optic atrophy. methods: this study was performed on 35 eyes of 28 patients with optic atrophy. nfl thickness was measured by optic coherence tomography (oct) and visual field analysis was performed by humphrey perimetry. the correlation between nfl thickness and vi...

Diverse stresses including starvation and muscle disuse cause skeletal muscle atrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy are complex and not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45a protein (Gadd45a) is a critical mediator of muscle atrophy. We identified Gadd45a through an unbiased search for potential downstream mediators of the s...

Despite numerous studies on the role of medial temporal lobe structures in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the magnitude and clinical significance of amygdala atrophy have been relatively sparsely investigated. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare the level of amygdala atrophy to that of the hippocampus in very mild and mild AD subjects in two large samples (Sample 1 n=9...

Wolfram syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the genes WFS1 or CISD2. Clinically, classic phenotype composed of optic atrophy, diabetes mellitus type 1, insipidus, and deafness. syndrome, however, phenotypically heterogenous with variable clinical manifestations age onset. We describe four cases genetically confirmed presentations, including acute-on-chronic...