Background & Aims: Hepatitis B infection is a global health problem. Hepatitis B virus can escape from the innate immune system, however adaptive immune system mainly acts against it. Transforming growth factor (TGF-) has three isoforms in mammals. Several studies have recently shown that TGF-1 suppresses replication of hepatitis B virus. Moreover, high expression of this factor is effective in...

Background and Aims: Iron oxide nanoparticles are among the most effective tools which can replace current medical techniques for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Hepatitis C infection is one of the main health problems in the world, affecting around 3% of the world's population. This infection can develop into liver cirrhosis and liver cancer over the time in 80% of patients. In t...

Background: HIV infected persons are also at risk for Infection with other pathogens, like Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV). One of the main steps in the planning of treatment and prevention is the study of the HIV positive population who have HBV and/or HCV infection. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B and C dual infection in ...

 Abstract Background: Investigators were suspicious of tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutations occurred only in patients who were treated by lamivudine. However, YMDD mutations of hepatitis B virus gene (HBV DNA) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) untreated with antiviral medicines was reported in some studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate YMDD mutations in Ira...

Background: Psychosocial issues and quality of life are important components at the patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B and C. Hepatitis is a chronic liver disease that can affect quality of life of patients. In this study, we compared the quality of life between patients with hepatitis B and C and finally presented a structural model about it. Methods: In a prospective analytic study,...