the society of his time. Very little attempt is made to place Newton within any context he would have recognized, or to understand the motives at work within the various practices on which he was engaged. The detail of evidence Westfall presents here does, ironically, provide a historian with almost enough ground to begin such analysis. Newton's notion of God's relation with nature and the work...

According to Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM), health preservation and disease prevention are prior to disease treatment. To get this aim, there are recommendations in TIM such as appropriate physical activity (1) and appropriate nutrition which are introduced as two parts of six principles for healthiness (2). Today, these two factors are very important for health preservation and disease pr...

Paralytic ileus is type of functional obstruction caused by the lack of intestinal peristalsis without any mechanical obstruction. This interference of the flow of intestinal contents often leads to intestinal obstruction. Paralytic ileus may be classified into postoperative, inflammatory, metabolic, neurogenic, and drug-induced (1). The incidence of paralytic ileus is high especially after abd...

The book is a collection of 13 articles written by specialists in their respective fields covering large array issues, with an emphasis on the physical notions place, time, and motion, as well meteorology. studies successfully combine philological expertise insightful analyses main philosophical theories articulated works Avicenna his commentators. Reviewed by: Damien T. Janos, Published Online...

A debated topic in Avicennan psychology is whether for Avicenna abstraction is a metaphor for emanation or to be taken literally. This issue stemsion is a metaphor for emanation or to be taken literally. This issue stems from the deeper philosophical question of whether humans acquire intelligibles externally from an emanation by the Active Intellect, which is a separate substance, or internall...

Technology transfer for environmental 29 purposes renovation of water and gas pipelines Kajasn Toomanian Migraine in children and adolescents 33 Ali Gorji Avicenna The Iranian journal of science and culture Letter from the editor Travelling of ideas as well as scientific and cultural interaction and interpenetration recurs in human history as naturally and persistently as the emigration of bird...

The topic of the void was of significant philosophical and scientific importance in the ancient and medieval world. Some, such as the atomists, maintained that the void was essential if one were to explain motion. Others, such as Aristotle, argued that the existence of the void would absolutely preclude the possibility of motion. Moreover, there were disputes concerning even how to characterize...

Myocardial infarction is one of the most important causes for global death (1). Apparently there are very high prevalence cardiovascular disease risk factors such as obesity and dyslipidemia among middle-aged women in Babol, northern Iran. Furthermore there is a relation between physical activity (PA) and dyslipidemia (2). Some studies describe protective effect of physical activity against hyp...

1The Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Depatment of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Depatment of Rheumatology, Vali-asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 4Center for Rese...