Obesity is a risk factor for ischemic necrosis of the femoral head (INFH). The purpose of this study was to determine if leptin treatment of INFH stimulates new bone formation to preserve femoral head shape in rats with diet-induced obesity. Rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal chow diet (NCD) for 16 weeks to induce progressive development of obesity. Avascular necrosis of the femoral ...

Avascular necrosis (AVN) may confer an increased risk of complications and readmission following total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, current risk-adjustment models do not account for AVN. A total of 1706 patients who underwent THA for AVN from 2011 to 2013 were selected from the American College of Surgeon's National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database and matched 1:1 to controls u...

Glucocorticoid use is one of the most important causes of avascular bone necrosis (AVN). The pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced AVN is not fully understood but postulated mechanisms include fat hypertrophy, fat emboli and intravascular coagulation that cause impedance of blood supply to the bones. Data regarding the relationship between AVN and dosage, route of administration and treatment ...

Electrophysiologic investigation was performed on 61 children and young adults during evaluation of either cardiac dysrhythmia or pre- or postoperative congenital heart disease. The results of these studies were reviewed retrospectively to determine if longitudinal dissociation of the atrioventricular node (AVN) was present. Dual AVN pathways were detected by the atrial extrastimulus technique,...

In the normal heart, the atrio-ventricular node (AVN) is responsible for the appropriate atrio-ventricular delay. Most of the slow conduction in AVN is probably caused by the small number of gap junctions connecting the myocytes [1]. Experimental and theoretical studies show that although conduction velocity decreases by reducing gap junctions, in such conditions safety factor increases [2]. Di...

UNLABELLED Avascular necrosis (AVN) occurs in several chronic illnesses, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but can also occur in healthy children. There are multiple theories to explain why and how AVN occurs, but an exact mechanism has yet to be unraveled. AVN in the pediatric lupus population is understudied. The Atherosclerosis Prevention in Pediatric Lupus Erythematosus (APPLE) ...

BACKGROUND Isolated right bundle branch block (RBBB) is a common finding in the general population. The atrioventricular node (AVN) artery contributes to the blood supply of the right bundle branch. Our hypothesis was that the anatomy of the AVN artery and the pattern of dominancy differ between subjects with and without RBBB. METHODS We retrospectively studied the coronary angiography of 92 ...

Due to the pattern of its blood supply, the femoral head is particularly vulnerable to avascular necrosis (AVN). Nontraumatic AVN is a devastating disorder affecting young patients, and despite treatment it normally follows a progressive course toward a destructive osteoarthropathy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is currently used in major classification systems solely for early detection of f...

BACKGROUND Clinical applications of the principles of dual atrioventricular nodal (AVN) electrophysiology in the treatment of AVN reentrant tachycardias rely on empirical findings, such as discontinued conduction curves or the presence of specific catheter-recorded signals. However, neither the shape of the conduction curve nor the surface electrograms have been validated as functionally relate...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has been suggested that avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) of the femoral head occurs early after systemic steroid administration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risks regarding development of AVN at a very early stage after renal transplantation. METHODS The presence or absence of AVN was determined by MRI at 4 weeks, at 6-12 weeks, at 24 weeks, and at ...