We present a comprehensive investigation of nonequilibrium effects and self heating in single electron transfer devices based primarily on the Coulomb blockade effect. During an electron trapping process, a hot electron may be deposited in a quantum dot or metal island, with an extra energy usually on the order of the Coulomb charging energy, which is much higher than the temperature in typical...

A computationally efficient space–time turbo equalization algorithm is derived for frequency-selective multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) channels. The algorithm is an extension of the iterative equalization algorithm by Reynolds and Wang for frequency-selective fading channels and of iterative multiuser detection for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems by Wang and Poor. The propose...

In order to limit interference and increase system capacity in CDMA systems, transmitted power required to achieve a certain performance should be as low as possible. Usually, receivers are designed to overcome the problems caused by the frequency-selective wireless channel. However, if the channel impulse response (CIR) is a priori known at the transmitter, the signal we want to transmit can b...

Many communications systems employ training, i.e., the transmission of known signals, so that the channel parameters may be learned at the receiver. This has a dual effect: too little training and the channel is improperly learned, too much training and there is no time left for data transmission before the channel changes. In this paper we use an information-theoretic approach to find the opti...

ABSTRACT Many communications systems employ training, i.e., the transmission of known signals, so that the channel parameters may be learned at the receiver. This has a dual effect: too little training and the channel is improperly learned, too much training and there is no time left for data transmission before the channel changes. In this paper we use an information-theoretic approach to find...

Contrast sensitivity functions differ from observer to observer. We propose that these differences arise because each observer has unique weights for the outputs of the neural channels that underlie the contrast sensitivity function. By applying principal components analysis to individual contrast sensitivity functions of 297 observers, estimates of the channel tuning curves were found. We find...

Space-time coding for the flat fading, quasistatic MIMO wireless channel has received wide spread attention. While there has been some effort on code design for the frequency selective environments, the work has mostly been confined to multi-carrier modulation. This paper treats code design for a delay spread channel from a single carrier modulation perspective. We assume a coherent receiver an...

As prior knowledge of Doppler frequency has been found useful in many applications of mobile communications, it is necessary to estimate the Doppler frequency at the mobile station (MS) based on the received fading signal. Rice et al 1] had derived Doppler frequency estimates using continuous-time received fading signals. In the present investigation, level crossing rate (LCR) and autocorrelati...

The segregation of texture patterns may be carried out by a set of linear spatial filters (to enhance one of the constituent textures), a nonlinearity (to convert the higher contrast of response to that constituent to a higher mean response), and finally subsequent ("second-order") linear spatial filters (to provide a strong response to the texture-defined edge itself). In this paper, the prope...

To clarify the role of presynaptic L-type Ca(2+) channels in GABA-mediated transmission in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN), spontaneous, miniature, and impulse-evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs, mIPSCs, and eIPSCs, respectively) were recorded from MPN neurons in a slice preparation from rat brain. The effects of different stimulus protocols and pharmacological tools to detect co...