We consider a capacitated supply system that produces a single item that is demanded by several classes of customers. Each customer class may have a different backorder cost, so stock allocation arises as a key decision problem. We model the supply system as a multicustomer make-to-stock queue. Using dynamic programming, we show that the optimal allocation policy has a simple and intuitive stru...

We consider the dynamic scheduling of a two-part-type make-tostock production system using the model of Wein [12]. Exogenous demand for each part type is met from finished goods inventory; unmet demand is backordered. The control policy determines which part type, if any, to produce at each moment; complete flexibility is assumed. The objective is to minimize average holding and backorder costs...

We study performance improvement in multi-echelon, closed loop spare part supply chains using operational interventions based on real-time status information. Our objective is to minimize the total cost relevant costs, consisting of intervention costs and backorder costs. In this paper, we focus proactive interventions, aiming avoid stockouts. assume that all reactive are fixed. Proactive inclu...

In this article, an integrated two-level supply chain model is described in two different scenarios by treating the demand rate as a triangular fuzzy number. first scenario, retailer offers price discount for customers on backorders; it encourages customer to wait product. second does not provide any discount; instead, investment made reduce lost sales during stock-out. both scenarios, shortage...

UMKM Richard Bakery merupakan yang memproduksi roti donat original, gula, dan lain-lain. memiliki kelemahan dalam penyediaan bahan baku. Diantaranya terjadi keterlambatan memenuhi permintaan baku diakibatkan oleh ketidakpastian pasar terhadap produk. Sehingga menyediakan stok menjadi terhambat melakukan pendistribusian mengalami kesulitan tidak pasti produk donat. Metode Inventori Probabilistik...

This paper develops a supply chain framework where payments take place with permissible delays. Unlike other studies, the is modelled as closed-loop system, in which returning products incorporated into classical models and full backorder permitted. Among most important research questions order amount of members to maximize Retailer delays profit chains. The study determines portion time interv...

This paper introduces and examines a generalized EOQ formula, based on the model with linear and fixed backordering costs. The new square-root formula is a combination of two well-known classical models, the basic EOQ model without stockouts and the EOQ model with backorders and linear backordering costs. Helping to combine the two is a new parameter, a fractional coefficient capturing the attr...

In this paper, we study the optimal order quantity decisions for a risk-averse newsvendor with a backorder case, where it is assumed that all or part of the excess demands of the customers can be backlogged. The optimal decisions are obtained under the popular Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) criterion, which is to control the risk of the profit due to uncertain market demands. We study two bas...