Bryozoans are common biofoulers of underdrain filter nozzles in rapid gravity filters in water treatment works. A potential method for controlling bryozoan biofouling is the use of chlorine in backwash water. Repeatedly exposing bryozoan colonies with chlorine for 20 min every 24 h in an experimental setting, to replicate what would occur if the backwash was chlorinated, caused significant redu...

[1] Measurements of Eulerian flow velocity obtained within the swash zone on a relatively steep beach face (gradient 1:23) are compared with an extended ballistic swash model. The model only requires a friction factor, beach slope and terminal bore velocity as input. The following model predictions matched well with observations: (1) The maximum Eulerian flow velocity is the shoreline velocity ...

Based on the fact that recycling of combined filter backwash water (CFBW) directly to drinking water treatment plants (WTP) is considered to be a feasible method to enhance pollutant removal efficiency, we were motivated to evaluate the genotoxicity of water samples from two pilot-scale drinking water treatment systems, one with recycling of combined backwash water, the other one with a convent...

Economic imbalances and social disparities are a common feature of developmenteconomies, particularly those which have historical antecedents of colonial rule. The study ofregional imbalances is given focus especially to Southeast Asian countries owing to its renewedimportance in the global order. Post independent India had to tackle with several problems at theoutset, regional imbalance and ec...

Adsorption is a well known effective technology for water treatment. Although limited capacities of adsorbents and regeneration issues are two common challenges. This study proposed tested innovative approaches improving adsorption/desorption biochar made from macadamia nutshell (MBC). These capacitive deionization (CDI) degaussing (full process detailed in methods), the respective enhancement ...