Some bacteria can enter the human body and make people ill. Usually, these diseases can be cured by antibiotics, but sometimes bacteria are resistant to them, meaning that the antibiotics do not kill the bacteria. In these cases, bacteria become very dangerous. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria but are harmless to humans. To reproduce, they get into a bacterium, where they multipl...

Recent examples of the use of bacteriophages in controlling bacterial infections are presented, some of which show therapeutic promise. The therapeutic use of bacteriophages, possibly in combination with antibiotics, may be a valuable approach. However, it is also quite clear that the safe and controlled use of phage therapy will require detailed information on the properties and behavior of sp...

A new method for the study of pathogen transport in porous media is presented. The method is based on conjugation of fluorescent dyes to target bacteriophages and application of the modified bacteriophages for tracer studies. We demonstrate that the relevant transport determining properties of Rhodamine and several fluorescein-labeled phages are practically identical to those of the native bact...

In recent years, the use of lytic bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents controlling pathogenic bacteria has appeared as a promising new alternative strategy in the face of growing antibiotic resistance which has caused problems in many fields including medicine, veterinary medicine, and aquaculture. The use of bacteriophages has numerous advantages over traditional antimicrobials. The effectiv...

Since their discovery, bacteriophages have contributed enormously to our understanding of molecular biology as model systems. Furthermore, bacteriophages have provided many tools that have advanced the fields of genetic engineering and synthetic biology. Here, we discuss bacteriophage-based technologies and their application to the study of infectious diseases. New strategies for engineering ge...

Current insights into the close relationship between human health and gut microbiota, as well recent advances in molecular biology suggesting a significant role for viromas, have encouraged research therapeutic usefulness of bacteriophages. The purpose this review is to consider prospects use bacteriophages correction microbiota therapy digestive system diseases. describes basics phage biology,...

Phage ecology has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Fermented foods have rich and diverse microbial communities, which are not only the creators of unique flavors food, but also good hosts for bacteriophages. However, at present, much is known about bacterial fungal communities their functions fermented foods, little bacteriophages that inhabit bacteria. This article reviews findi...

Adaptations by hosts in response to parasitism are generally believed to reduce the susceptibility of the adapted individual. However, recent work on Escherichia coli showed that bacteria can fight deadly phage attacks by committing altruistic suicide upon infection, in order to prevent parasite transmission to nearby relatives. Here, we compare the efficiency of suicidal host defense with indi...

Biofilms are an extremely common adaptation, allowing bacteria to colonize hostile environments. They present unique problems for antibiotics and biocides, both due to the nature of the extracellular matrix and to the presence within the biofilm of metabolically inactive persister cells. Such chemicals can be highly effective against planktonic bacterial cells, while being essentially ineffecti...

Antibiotic resistance is exponentially increasing, and the number of deaths caused by bacterial infections expected to surge. When dealing with respiratory system, inefficient antibiotics heighten chance death from infection. However, alternatives are limited. Bacteriophages a valid option since they can target specific type bacterium. highly avoid any side effects when delivered. their poor st...