Arsenic and barium are ubiquitous environmental toxins that accumulate in higher trophic-level organisms. Whereas metazoans have detoxifying organs to cope with toxic metals, sponges lack organs but harbour a symbiotic microbiome performing various functions. Here we examine the potential roles of microorganisms in arsenic and barium cycles in the sponge Theonella swinhoei, known to accumulate ...

The various light and scanning electron microscopic appearances of barium sulphate in smears and in histopathological lesions in sections are illustrated. One type of barium sulphate (E-Z-HD) includes much larger, bright birefringent particles and has very different appearances from other widely used types. Such larger particles in sections were not originally suspected to be barium sulphate an...

We demonstrate control of the surface plasmon polariton wavevector in an active metal-dielectric plasmonic interferometer by utilizing electrooptic barium titanate as the dielectric layer. Arrays of subwavelength interferometers were fabricated from pairs of parallel slits milled in silver on barium titanate thin films. Plasmon-mediated transmission of incident light through the subwavelength s...

background: fluoride is used increasingly in a variety of industries in india. emission of fluoride dust and fumes from the smelters of primary aluminum producing industries is dissipated in the work environment and poses occupational health hazards. objective: to study the prevalence of health complaints and its association with fluoride level in body fluids of smelter workers in a primary alu...

BACKGROUND The use of high-density barium sulfate was recommended by the Japan Society of Gastroenterological Cancer Screening (JSGCS) in 2004. We evaluated the diagnostic validity of gastric cancer screening that used high-density barium sulfate. METHODS The study subjects were 171 833 residents of Osaka, Japan who underwent gastric cancer screening tests at the Osaka Cancer Prevention and D...

The in vitro fluoride uptake by dental enamel from two conventional acidulated phosphate fluoride gels was compared to a thixotropic acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. The fluoride concentration and enamel biopsy depths were determined using an acid-etch biopsy method based on calcium determinations. A significant fluoride uptake by dental enamel from a thixotropic topical fluoride agent follow...

Rectal bleeding often heralds serious colonic disease. The literature suggests that colonoscopy is superior to barium enema plus sigmoidoscopy, although no good comparative studies exist. Seventy one patients with overt rectal bleeding had prospectively flexible sigmoidoscopy, double contrast barium enema and colonoscopy completed independently. Against the gold standard, the sensitivity and sp...

AIM The aim of this conference paper was to systematically review the quality of evidence and summarize the findings of clinical trials published after 2002 using fluoride mouth rinses, fluoride gels or foams for the prevention of dental caries. METHODS Relevant papers were selected after an electronic search for literature published in English between 2003 and 2014. The included papers were ...

There have only been few investigations comparing total fluoride intake and the fluoride proportion excreted in urine in pre-school children. In addition, the results of available studies are conflicting. Total fluoride intake was assessed in 11 healthy children aged 3-6 years on 2 consecutive days and urinary fluoride excretion was determined. The duplicate-diet approach was used for the asses...