The domestication of cultivated barley has been used as a model system for studying the origins and early spread of agrarian culture. Our previous results indicated that the Tibetan Plateau and its vicinity is one of the centers of domestication of cultivated barley. Here we reveal multiple origins of domesticated barley using transcriptome profiling of cultivated and wild-barley genotypes. App...

Plant diseases are a serious threat to crop production. The informed use of naturally occurring disease resistance in plant breeding can greatly contribute to sustainably reduce yield losses caused by plant pathogens. The Ta-Lr34res gene encodes an ABC transporter protein and confers partial, durable, and broad spectrum resistance against several fungal pathogens in wheat. Transgenic barley lin...

greenbug isolate avirulent to Wintermalt. Subsequent work by Ogecha et al. (1992) confirmed that biotype G Most biotypes of the greenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] was less successful in feeding on Wintermalt compared are extremely damaging to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). However, with other biotypes. When compared with biotypes E greenbug biotype G has been reported to be unable to succes...

Transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and other functional non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) are important gene regulators. Comparison of sRNA expression profiles between transgenic barley over-expressing a drought tolerant TF (TaDREB3) and non-transgenic control barley revealed many group-specific sRNAs. In addition, 42% of the shared sRNAs were different...

Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) was first cultivated 10,500 years ago in the Fertile Crescent and is one of the founder crops of Eurasian agriculture. Phylogeographic analysis of five nuclear loci and morphological assessment of two traits in >250 domesticated barley accessions reveal that landraces found in South and East Asia are genetically distinct from those in Europe and North Afric...

Among seed-transmitted cereal viruses the most important is Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), infecting barley. Investigations on the occurrence of BSMV in Poland have been carried out in the Institute of Plant Protection in Poznań since 2000. The studies aimed at the evaluation of the BSMV distribution in plant material, the rate of its seed transmission in different barley cultivars and the ...

OBJECTIVE The hull attached to the barley kernel can be mechanically removed thus reducing the fiber content of the barley. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of partial dehulling on the nutrient digestibility as well as the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of barley in pigs. METHODS Two hulled barley samples (high fiber barley [HF] and low fib...

In their classic study of the enzymes involved in the mobilization of stored carbohydrate reserves in barley, Brown and Morris (3), in 1890, noted that the excised barley embryo formed a large quantity of starch when floated on water for a few hours. More recently investigators (2, 4, 5) working with excised barley embryos appear to have ignored or neglected this important biochemical transform...

Barley lectin is synthesized as a preproprotein with a glycosylated carboxyl-terminal propeptide (CTPP) that is removed before or concomitant with deposition of the mature protein in vacuoles. Expression of a cDNA clone encoding barley lectin in transformed tobacco plants results in the correct processing, maturation, and accumulation of active barley lectin in vacuoles [Wilkins, T.A., Bednarek...

The objective of this study was to explore the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy for determining the compositional quality properties of barley as a feedstock for fuel ethanol production and to compare the prediction accuracy between calibration models obtained using a Fourier transform near-infrared system (FT-NIR) and a dispersive near-infrared system. The total sample set contained 206...