We study a facility location problem motivated by requirements pertaining to the distribution of charging stations for electric vehicles: Place a minimum number of battery charging stations at a subset of nodes of a network, so that battery-powered electric vehicles will be able to move between destinations using “t-spanning” routes, of lengths within a factor t > 1 of the length of a shortest ...

The growing interest in the development of electric vehicle charging system based on expanding green car market is to meet the system demand for high efficiency and high density output characteristics. In addition, according to increase the in-production of electric vehicle, it is going to increase developing plan for on board charging system in around the world. In this paper, the charge contr...

This paper presents a optimal bidirectional battery charger. The proposed charger acts as a current source, i.e., acts in constant current (CC ) mode with a controlled output current in case of deep discharge of a battery, and as a voltage source, i.e., acts in constant-voltage (CV) mode with a controlled output voltage for near-100% battery state of charge. The proposed circuit is universal fr...

Energy storage systems will play a key role for individual users in the future smart grid. They serve two purposes: (i) handling the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources for a more reliable and efficient system, and (ii) preventing the impact of blackouts on users and allowing for more independence from the grid, while saving money through load-shifting. In this paper we investigat...

Increasing penetration of replenished renewable energy sources (RES) to the power grid is inevitable and brings stability challenges traditional electric systems (EPS). One them frequency fluctuation due high participation RES in EPS. To reduce deviation, this paper, an autonomous regulation (FR) controller proposed using battery storage (BESS) vehicle charging stations (EVCS) while providing s...

In view of severe changes in temperature during different seasons in cold areas of northern China, the decay of battery capacity of electric vehicles poses a problem. This paper uses an electric bus power system with semi-active hybrid energy storage system (HESS) as the research object and proposes a convex power distribution strategy to optimize the battery current that represents degradation...

A multi-mode power-split (MMPS) hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has two planetary gearsets and clutches/grounds which results in several operation modes with enhanced electric drive capability and better fuel economy. Basically, the battery storage system is involved in different operation modes to satisfy the power demand and minimize the fuel consumption, whereas the complicated operation modes...

Minimizing the grid impacts of large-scale plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging tends to be associated with coordination strategies that seek to fill the overnight valley in electricity demand. However such strategies can result in high charging power, raising the possibility of local overloads within the distribution grid and of accelerated battery degradation. The paper establishes a frame...

It is shown that black hole spacetimes in classical Einstein gravity are characterized by, in addition to their ADM mass M , momentum ~ P , angular momentum ~ J and boost charge ~ K, an infinite head of supertranslation hair. The distinct black holes are distinguished by classical superrotation charges measured at infinity. Solutions with supertranslation hair are diffeomorphic to the Schwarzsc...